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Gr, 12 History
Unit 1 - Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What was the renaissance? | intellectual shift / rebirth - 14th to 17th centuries. |
| What was the name of the shift that occurred from the 14th to 17th century? | Renaissance |
| What was the Reformation? | movement in the 16th and 17th century. Reformed the problematic catholic church , |
| During the _____, the church attempted to gain influence and oppose protestants | Reformation |
| A book published by Thomas Moore, depicting a false world | Utopia |
| What was Thomas Moore's book? What was it about? | Utopia, about the imperfections of society at the time. |
| What was the questionable item sold by the church? | Indulgences |
| What did indulgences promise? | Salvation/access to heaven |
| Who criticized the sale of indulgences? | Martin Luther |
| What was Martin Luther known for? | Criticizing Indulgences, 95 theses, protestant rise |
| Who invented the printing press? | Gutenberg |
| What did Gutenberg do? | Invent the moveable type (printing press) |
| What is absolutism? | One ruler (king) |
| What treaty sparked the rise of absolutism? | Treaty Of Westphalia |
| What is the scientific revolution? | The rise in the scientific method & the development in fields such as astronomy, physics, mathematics, and chemistry. |
| What were key points of the sci. revolution? | Observation, record, and scientific method. |
| What was the 30 years war? | War between the catholic church & the protestants, ended w/ treaty of Westphalia |
| What is feudalism? | A hierarchy that emphasized the importance of Kings and nobles, instead of commoners governing their own communities |
| What is mercantilism? | A system of trading involving limiting imports, and maximizing exports. |
| What is capitalism? | Power/wealth in the hands of a few, concerning trade & globalization. Many poor ppl, few wealthy ppl. |
| Who invented the telescope? | Galileo |
| What did Galileo do? | Galileo created the telescope & proved Copernicus' heliocentric theory. |
| What did Isaac Newton invent? | 3 laws of motion & gravity |
| Who is descartes? | Famous philosopher "I think, therefore I am" |
| Who is Thomas Hobbes? | Philosopher + cynic "ppl. are selfish" |
| Who is John Locke? | Philosopher + Optimist "ppl. can cooperate" |
| Who is the cynic? Who is the optimist? | Cynic: Hobbes, Optimist: Locke |
| Who was Louis XIV? what kind of ruler was he? | The king of France - absolute monarch |
| How long did Louis XIV reign for? What was his nickname? | 73 yrs - The Sun King |
| Who was Moliere? | Famous French playwright - popularized satire |
| Where was the Palace of Versailles? | Versailles, france |
| What was the Palace Of Versailles? | Very fancy palace in France that housed Louis XIV and his court |
| What is providence? | God's good will - god is always watching |
| What is salvation? | Being saved by god from harm or danger |
| What is a patriarchy? | A hierarchy centered around men. Eg. The king's son becomes the next king |
| What is the divine right of kings? | God speaks through the kings - Eg. God -> King -> People |
| Who started the 30 year war? | Germany |
| What is a constitutional monarchy? | When a leader is elected democratically, by vote of the ppl. |
| What is an absolute monarchy? | When a leader is appointed by the old leader, eg kings son becomes the next king |
| Who was the father of Liberalism? | John Locke |
| When was slavery abolished? | 1888 |
| Which 2 countries were leading forced in the EOE? | England & France |
| What was the renaissance period characterized by? | Providence - everything happening b/c of god's will |
| How did the printing press revolutionize europe? | Spread ideas quickly |
| What was Luther's biggest accomplishment? | The 95 theses + sparking the protestant reformation. |
| Why did native American populations collapse? | Disease |
| What is the name of the slave trade? (slaves for personal use) | Chattel Slavery |
| What do you need to do to gain salvation? | Repent / buy indulgences |
| What was the honour code? | For men: honour for actions For women: honour for restraint |
| What was retransmission during the EOE? | Bringing back new crops/plants |
| What did the justice system use to keep people from acting out during the renaissance? | Public torture |
| Who was Columbus? | Famous Spanish explorer, discovered the Caribbean islands |
| What are conquistadors? | People who took over other countries/land using force such as war or disease |
| What were jesuits? | Catholic priests looking to convert others into catholicism |
| Who was Franciscan? | A missionary who tried to convert Japanese people to Christianity |
| Who was Marco Polo? | Famous Italian explorer, travelled the silk route |
| Who was John Cabot? | Explorer - explored the American Coastline |
| Who was Hernan Cortes? | Began the Mexican conquest - destroyed Aztec empire |
| Who was Francisco Pizarro? | Began the Incan Conquest - destroyed the Incan Empire |
| Who was Jacques Cartier? | French explorer who brought indigenous ppl. back to France |
| Which explorer destroyed the Aztec Empire? | Cortes |
| Which explorer destroyed the Incan empire? | Pizarro |
| Who was Martin Frobisher | Eng. sailor looking for a northern route to n. america |
| Who was Henry Hudson? | Dutch. sailor who explored Canada |
| What are Caravels? | Spanish cross ocean ships |
| What was the Treaty Of Tordesillas? | A treaty dividing n. and s. american land between Spain and Portugal |
| What was the seclusive policy? | Japan not trading/ allowing foreigners into their country |
| How long did the seclusive policy last? | 250 yrs |
| What is ethnocentrism? | The belief that one's country or ethnicity is superior to others |
| Who were the Aztecs? | Indigenous society in Mexico |
| Who were the Incas? | Indigenous society in Columbia/s. America |
| What is assimilation? | The process of being absorbed into something - Indigenous societies were absorbed into European ones |
| What is Sovereignty? | A countries' ability to act on its own/be independent |
| Who was Ptolemy? | Ancient astronomist, believed that earth was the center of the universe |
| What are residential schools? | Schools operated by the catholic church used to assimilate indigenous children into Catholicism or European ways |
| What is 'amerindian" | The blending of indigenous and european cultures |
| Who was Bartolome De Las Casas? | A Spanish writer who fought against slavery |
Created by:
mollymurphy
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