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HIST 1753 Quiz 1
First ottoman empire quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Original name of the Ottoman Empire | Osman |
| Homeland of the first Ottoman enterprise | Bythinia |
| Only material evidence of existence of Osman I | coins |
| 1071 – battle of Manziekrt | Seljuk defeat of the Byzantine army, establishment of the Seljuk Turkic Muslim rule in Anatolia |
| Seljuks of Rum | branch of the larger Great Seljuks Turkic group that established itself in medieval Anatolia between 11th and 13th centuries with capital in the city of Konya (central Anatolia) |
| Caravanserai | a large structure, often with open courtyards, for housing merchants and facilitating trading activities |
| Iwan | Massive arch entrance |
| Muqarna | Honeycomb arch entrance |
| Turkish | modern-ethnic national designation |
| Turkic | used to designate larger ethnic group belonging to language family, from Central Asia to Turkey |
| Ottoman | used historically to refer to the dynasty and officials |
| Rumi | historical, means “Roman”, often used by the Ottoman elites to set themselves apart |
| beylik | Early Ottoman state |
| The Ottoman Ghazi Thesis | idea that Ottoman expansion was motivated by a holy war (ghaza): reality or myth? -Similar to jihad (holy war) |
| Conceptualization of early Ottoman environment and series of conquests as an expanding frontier with THIS shared ethos | cross-religious |
| Dervishes/Sufis | Islamic “holy men”, often belonging to specific religious orders and practicing Islamic mysticism, tends to be different from Sunni orthodoxy |
| Tekke/zaviye | can be translated as a convent; places housing dervishes, but also serving some social functions, such as lodging or “soup kitchens” (imaret) |
| 5th century religious and cultural landscape is marked by | fluidity and syncretism |
| Islamic coinage is .... | epigraphic--it contains names of rules and pious, often Quranic, phrases and passages |
| This Ottoman coins/money was in use up to 17th century | Silver akce |
| This Ottoman coins/money was in use up to 18th century and after | Silver gurus |
| Who did the conquest of Constantinople | Mehmed II |
| Siege of Constantinople | -April-May 1453 -14th (and successful!) Muslim siege of the city since mid 7th century -Constantine XI Paleologon, last Byzantine emperor, dies in the battle |
| Rebuilding Constantinople was a process of... | creative translation |
| What destroyed and turned into Mehmed II’s complex | Imperial church of the Holy Apostles |
| Eyup Mosque Complex | mausoleum of a Prophet Muhammad’s comparison Ayyub al-Anseri, whose burial was said to be discovered in the city after the conquest |
| Location of new Ottoman palace | built on the old Byzantine acropolis and overlooking the Bosphorous (which connect the Black Sea & Meditteranean) and the 2 continents |
| Topkapi Palace | seat of Ottoman dynastic and political life; building began in 1459 |
| Who sat in the window | Sultan |
| Grand Vizier | the head of the Islamic learned establishment (known as the ulema), highest Muslim religious authority |
| Selim I | Consolidation of Anatolian borderlands, defeat of the Safavid army, conquest of Egypt, Levant, and Mecca and Medina |
| Suleyman | Conquest of the northern Balkans and Hungary, Habsburg campaigns Shah Ismail (r. 1501 – 1524) |
| Kizilbas/Redheads | Ottoman historical name for the Turkmen tribes of eastern Anatolia who were loyal to (or supposed to be) the Safavids; the community still exists and is known as the Alevis in Turkey |
| Selim I defeats Shah Ismail’s army at.... | the Battle of Caldiran in 1514 |
| provinces (eyalets) are further divided into... | "counties" (sanjaks) |
| Minbar | (pulpit, serves for sermons) |
| mihrab | (enclosure points to Mecca) |
| minarets | tower, used for the call to prayer |
| Qibla | conceptual meaning, always towards Mecca |
| Friday mosque | larger, place for a congregational prayer of Friday, often patronized by a powerful person, khutba (sermon) is read |
| Masjid | smaller mosque, belongs to a neighborhood community, site for performing daily prayers |
Created by:
ujhazyl
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