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Western Civ

Honors Ancient Greece

QuestionAnswer
What early groups settled Greece? What were those groups like? What do we know about them The Minoans and Mycenaeans; Minoans were seafaring traders, Mycenaeans were warriors.
What is a democracy? What examples do we see in Ancient Greece? rule by the people; Athens is the best example.
What is a monarchy? rule by a king or queen.
What was Greece’s geography? How did it influence Greece? Greece was mountainous with many islands; this led to independent city-states and reliance on the sea for trade.
What were the causes of the Trojan War? caused by conflict over trade routes and the abduction of Helen.
Explain the story of the Trojan horse. The Greeks hid soldiers inside a wooden horse, which was taken into Troy; at night the soldiers attacked from within.
Define a city-state. Explain how it works. an independent political unit with its own government and army, functioning like a small country.
What is a polis? Greek word for city-state, the center of political and cultural life.
Compare Athens and Sparta in detail. What were their governments like? What were their cultures and people like? What was important to each of them? Athens: democracy, focus on education, art, philosophy. Sparta: oligarchy/military state, focus on war, discipline, strength.
What was the Persian War? How did it start? fought between Persia and Greek city-states after Persia tried to expand into Greece.
Why did the Persian war cause unity within Greece? Why was this hard before? It united Greece against a common enemy, which was difficult before due to rivalry and geography.
What happened at the Battle of Marathon? Marathon: Athenians defeated Persians with superior strategy.
What happened at the Battle of Thermopylae? 300 Spartans held off Persians before being overwhelmed.
What happened at the Battle of Salamis? Greek navy defeated the larger Persian fleet.
How did the Delian League form? formed as an alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens to defend against Persia.
What were the major beliefs of Plato? believed in ideal forms, the importance of reason, and philosopher-kings.
What were the major beliefs of Aristotle? believed in logic, observation, and studying the natural world to gain knowledge.
What were the major beliefs of Socrates? believed in questioning to find truth and virtue.
Explain the Socratic method. method is teaching by asking probing questions to stimulate critical thinking.
Explain the meaning and significance of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave. teaches that most people see only shadows of reality; true knowledge requires enlightenment.
Why were Greek military strategies so successful? strategies (like the phalanx) emphasized discipline, unity, and innovation.
Why was Greek art significant? focused on realism, proportion, balance, and beauty, influencing later art.
What major contributions did Greek culture make to our society? Contributions include democracy, philosophy, theater, art, architecture, science, and the Olympic Games.
How did Alexander the Great rise to power? rose to power after his father Philip II’s assassination
What were Alexander’s major military accomplishments? Why was his military successful? He conquered Persia, Egypt, and extended into India; success came from strategy, speed, and loyalty of his troops.
Why do we call him Alexander “the Great”? He spread Greek culture widely, created a vast empire, and inspired admiration for his leadership.
Why did Alexander’s empire collapse after his death? His empire collapsed because it was too large to govern, and generals fought for control.
Created by: user-1983299
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