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Medical Terminology
Mod. 3: Disease and Treatment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acute | Sudden, severe; having a short course |
| anaphylaxis | An extreme allergic reaction that can lead to respiratory distress, circulatory collapse, and death |
| anesthesia | Loss of the ability to feel pain, as by administration of a medication |
| antagonist | The muscle that opposes an agonist; it must relax when the agonist contracts; also, a substance that interferes with or opposes the action of a medication |
| auscultation | Listening for sounds within the body, usually within the chest or abdomen |
| benign | Not recurrent or malignant, favorable for recovery, describing a tumor that does not spread (metastasize) to other tissues |
| biopsy | Removal of a small amount of tissue for microscopic examination |
| fixation | Holding or fastening a structure in a firm position Suffix: -pexy |
| generic name | The nonproprietary name of a medication; that is, a name that is not privately owned or trademarked; usually a simplified version of the chemical name; not capitalized |
| grading | A method for evaluating a tumor based on microscopic examination of the cells |
| hernia | Protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening; commonly called a rupture |
| holistic health care | Practice of treating a person as a whole entity with physical. emotional, social, and spiritual needs; it stresses comprehensive care, involvement in one's own care, and the maintenance of good health rather than the treatment of disease |
| immunity | The state of being protected against a disease Root: immun/o |
| immunotherapy | Treatment that involves stimulation or suppression of the immune system, either specifically or nonspecifically |
| incision | A cut, as for surgery; also the act of cutting Suffix: -tomy |
| inflammation | A localized response to tissue injury characterized by heat, pain, redness, and swelling |
| inspection | Visual examination of the body |
| Laser | A device that transforms light into a beam of intense heat and power; used for surgery and diagnosis |
| Lesion | A distinct area of damaged tissue, an injury, or wound |
| malignant | Growing worse, harmful, tending to cause death, describing an invasive tumor that can spread (metastasize) to other tissues |
| meditation | Process of clearing the mind by concentrating on the inner self while controlling breathing and perhaps repeating a word or phrase (mantra) |
| metastasis | Spread from one part of the body to another, characteristics of cancer Verb: metastasize Adjective: metastatic |
| micro-organisms | An organism too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope |
| necrosis | Death of tissue Root: Necr/o Adjective: suffix -ic |
| neoplasia | An abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue Prefix: neo- means "new" |
| neoplasm | A tumor, or abnormal growth, which may be benign or malignant Root: onc/o- Suffix: -oma |
| ophthalmoscope | An instrument for examining the interior of the eye |
| otoscope | Instrument used to examine the ears |
| palliative therapy | Providing relief but not cure; a treatment that provides such relief |
| palpation | Examining by placing the hands or fingers on the surface of the body to determine characteristics such as texture, temperature, movement, and consistency |
| parasites | An organism that grows on or in another organism (the host), causing damage to it |
| pathogen | An organism capable of causing disease Root: Path/o |
| percussion | Tapping the body lightly but sharply to assess the condition of the underlying tissue by the sounds obtained |
| phagocytosis | The ingestion of organisms, such as invading bacteria or small particles of waste material by a cell; the phagocytic cell or phagocyte then destroys the ingested material Root: phag/o |
| phytomedicine | Another name for herbal medicine Root: Phyt/o |
| potentiation | Increased potency created by two medications acting together |
| prescription | Written and signed order for a medication with directions for its administration |
| prognosis | A dropping or downward displacement of an organ or part, ptosis |
| prolapse | A product of inflammation consisting of fluid and white blood cells Roots: Py/o |
| remission | Lessening of disease symptoms; the period during which this decrease occurs or the period when no sign of a disease exists |
| sarcoma | A malignant neoplasm arising from connective tissue Adjective: Sarcomous |
| sepsis | The presence of harmful micro-organisms or their toxins in the blood or other tissues Adjective: Septic |
| side effect | A result of medication therapy or the other therapy that is unrelated to or an extension of its intended effect; usually applies to an undesirable effect of treatment |
| signs | objective evidence of disease that can be observed or tested; examples include fever, rash, high blood pressure, blood/urine abnormalities (an objective symptom) |
| syphgmomanometer | Instrument for determining arterial blood pressure; pressure is read in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) when the heart contracts (Systolic bp) and systol when the heart relaxes (diastolic bp) and is reported as systol |
| staging | The process of classifying malignant tumors for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis |
| stethoscope | An instrument used for listening to sounds produced within the body "Steth/o" meaning "chest" |
| substance dependence | A condition that may result from chronic use of a medication, in which a person has a chronic or compulsive need for a medication regardless of its adverse effects; dependence may be psychological or physical |
| suture | To unite parts by stitching them together; also the thread or other material used in that process or the seam formed by surgical stitching. In the skeleton this is an immovable joint Suffix: -rhaphy |
| symptoms | Any evidence of disease; sometimes limited to subjective evidence of disease as experienced by the individual, such as pain, dizziness, and weakness |
| synergy | Combined action of two or more medications working together to produce an effect greater than any of the medications could produce when acting alone Adjective:Synergistic |
| therapy | treatment;intervention |
| tolerance | A condition in which chronic use of a medication results in loss of effectiveness and the dose must be increased to produce the original response |
| toxin | A poison Adjective: toxic Roots: tox/o, toxic/o |
| trauma | A physical or psychological wound or injury |
| vital signs | Measurements that reflect basic functions necessary to maintain life |
| withdrawl | A condition that results from abrupt cessation or reduction of a medication that has been used regularly |
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Learning=Earning
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