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lymphoid system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The lymphatic system consists of | lymphoid organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymphatic tissue, lymph capillaries, and lymph vessels |
| Lymphoid organs include | lymph nodes, tonsils, the thymus gland, and the spleen. |
| small, pea-shaped patches of lymphatic tissue are | Lymph nodes |
| these are located in the throat, filter tissue fluid contaminated by pathogens that enter the body through the nose, the mouth, or both. | tonsils |
| The ___________ gland is located in the thoracic cavity | thymus gland |
| The__________ filters blood rather than lymph | spleen |
| The lymphatic system has three main functions: | • It maintains the balance of fluid between the blood and tissues, known as fluid homeostasis. • It forms part of the body’s immune system and helps defend against bacteria and other intruders by transporting white blood cells to and from the lymph nodes. • It facilitates absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients in the digestive system. |
| The lymphatic system maintains the balance of fluid between the blood and tissues, known as | fluid homeostasis. |
| The lymphatic system forms part of the body’s | immune system |
| The immune system defends the body against | threats from inside and outside |
| if a person has protection against a disease or condition—the person will not contract or be affected by the disease. | Immunity |
| the body’s reaction to anything it does not recognize as a normal body substance | Nonspecific immunity |
| Mechanical barriers | intact skin and mucous membranes |
| Chemical barriers | tears, stomach acids, saliva, perspiration |
| Reflexes | coughing, sneezing, vomiting, and diarrhea |
| white blood cells that digest and destroy microorganisms and other unwanted substances | Phagocytes |
| the release of histamine to an injured or irritated area, causing blood vessels to dilate and bring more blood to the area (histamine causes redness, heat, and fluid leakage of the blood, which leads to swelling) | Inflammation |
| the ability of the body to resist or overcome a certain disease or infection caused by a foreign agent such as a pathogen or antigenic substance. Special cells and substances provide immunity. | Specific immunity |
| Antibodies | normal body substances that recognize abnormal or unwanted substances and attack and destroy such substances |
| Antigens | abnormal or unwanted substances (usually proteins) that cause the body to produce antibodies, which attack and destroy the antigens |
| Lymphocytes | white blood cells that produce antibodies, the production of which increases as the body responds to an infection |
| B lymphocytes (B cells) | cells that cause the production of antibodies that circulate in the plasma |
| T lymphocytes (T cells) | cells that destroy invading cells (killer T cells produce toxic substances near the invading cells; some T cells attract other cells that destroy the invaders) |
| Immunity to diseases can be classified as | genetic immunity and acquired immunity |
| Genetic immunity protects | a member of one species from diseases that afflict other species; for example, your cat will not catch chickenpox from you. |
| A person can get acquired immunity either | naturally or artificially |
| Active immunity | By naturally acquiring an illness (such as chickenpox), your body develops the antibodies to protect you from getting it again. |
| Passive immunity | Passive immunity is short-lived and passed from mother to fetus through the placenta and from the mother to the baby through breast milk. This protection lasts for about the first 6 months after birth. |
| Artificially acquired immunity is achieved by | injection of a vaccine or immune globulin (immunoglobulin). A vaccine is a small amount of an antigen-bearing substance (pathogen) that is injected into a person to stimulate the production of antibodies. Immune globulin is obtained from a donor who already has the antibodies and is injected into a person to provide passive immunity. |
Created by:
ReneeStewart
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