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circulatory system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The circulatory system is an organ system that transports and exchanges nutrients (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids), gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide), hormones, blood cells, and wastes to and from cells in the body to maintain normal cell processes and keep cells alive. | The Circulatory System |
| Two types of fluids move through the circulatory system: | blood and lymph |
| Blood, the heart, and blood vessels form the | cardiovascular system |
| The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels form the | lymphatic system |
| The cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system together make up the | circulatory system. |
| system is made up of blood, the heart, and blood vessels | The cardiovascular system |
| The right side of the heart pumps | unoxygenated blood |
| The left side of the heart receives | oxygenated blood |
| The right side of the heart pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation known as | pulmonary circulation |
| The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to all of the tissues and organs of the body known as | systemic circulation |
| Blood removes | waste products from cells. |
| Blood and blood vessels help to | regulate body temperature |
| Blood vessels in skin dilate if | the body needs to be cooled |
| Blood vessels constrict when | They constrict if heat needs to be kept in the body |
| The cardiovascular system also produces and carries | white blood cells and antibodies that defend the body from disease-causing microorganisms. |
| Blood consists of blood cells and a liquid portion called | plasma |
| plasma, which is approximately _____ water. | 90 % |
| Red blood cells are called | erythrocytes |
| erythrocytes give blood its red colour because of a substance in the blood cell called | hemoglobin |
| When hemoglobin in red blood cells is saturated (filled) with oxygen, the blood appears | bright red |
| As blood circulates to the tissues and organs, oxygen is released from the hemoglobin and is given to cells. It is the lack of oxygen that makes the colour of the blood change from bright red to | bluish-red |
| Cells release __________(a waste product), which is picked up by the blood and transported back to the lungs, where it can be released and “exhaled | carbon dioxide |
| red blood cells live for approximately___________days | 120 |
| Red bone marrow produces | new red blood cells |
| White blood cells are called | leukocytes, are colourless |
| what is necessary for the clotting of blood | Platelets (thrombocytes) |
| The heart is a hollow, muscular organ that lies in the middle to lower part of the chest cavity and tilts slightly toward | left side |
| The heart has three layers: | pericardium is the outer layer The myocardium is the second layer The endocardium is the inner layer |
| The endocardium is the membrane lining | the chambers of the heart |
| how many chambers does the heart have | 4 |
| The two upper chambers | called atria (singular, atrium) |
| The right atrium receives blood from_________, and the left atrium receives blood from the _______ | body tissues lungs |
| The two lower chambers—called | ventricles |
| The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen, known as | pulmonary circulation |
| the left ventricle pumps blood to all parts of the body known as | systemic circulation |
| located between the atria and the ventricles, allow blood to flow in only one direction, preventing it from flowing back into the atria from the ventricles | valves |
| The four valves are | tricuspid valve, mitral valve (bicuspid valve) pulmonary valve, aortic valve |
| The tricuspid valve is located between | the right atrium and the right ventricle. |
| The mitral valve (bicuspid valve) is located between | the left atrium and the left ventricle. |
| The pulmonary valve is located between | the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle. |
| The aortic valve is located between | the aorta and the left ventricle. |
| There are two phases of heart action known as | diastole and systole |
| the diastole phase is known as the | resting stage |
| the systole phase is known as the | working stage |
| The rate at which the heart beats | heart rate |
| the heart rate is measured by a persons | pulse |
| Blood flows to body tissues and cells through | blood vessels |
| ___________ carry blood away from the heart. | arteries |
| Systemic arteries carry blood from the heart to the vessels that | supply the tissues of the body |
| The __________ is the largest systemic artery and exits the heart directly from the left ventricle | aorta |
| pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the vessels of | the lungs, where gas exchange takes place |
| The____________ is the largest pulmonary artery and exits the heart from the right ventricle. | pulmonary trunk |
| Arterioles connect with blood vessels called | capillaries |
| The smallest branch of an artery is an | arteriole |
| ___________ return blood to the heart. | veins |
| _______________ veins collect blood from the vessels that drain the capillaries of the tissues in the body. | Systemic veins |
| _____________veins carry blood back to the heart from the lungs after gas exchange has taken place in the pulmonary capillaries. | Pulmonary |
| microscopic and the smallest form of veins are called | Venules |
Created by:
ReneeStewart
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