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geography- 1
AP Human Geography: Geography- Nature and Perpectives
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sequent occupance | the succession of cultures leaving their mark in a shared space or territory, often over generations of time |
| Cultural landscape | a combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation; a culture’s unique imprint on their space on earth |
| Arithmetic density | total number of objects in an area it is the total number of people divided by the total land area |
| Physiological density | number of people per unit of arable land which is suitable for agriculture; population divided by number of square miles of farmland in the region |
| Hearth | the place from which an innovative idea originates |
| Diffusion | the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time |
| Relocation diffusion | the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another |
| Expansion diffusion | the spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process |
| Hierarchical diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places; encouraged by modern methods of communications, such as computers, facsimile machines, and electronic mail systems |
| Contagious diffusion | the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic or trend throughout the population; Ex. disease, AIDS, swine flu; encouraged by the use of the Internet, especially the World Wide Web |
| Stimulus diffusion | the spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse and specific characteristic is rejected; encouraged by all of the new technologies |
| Absolute distance | the length of a path in space extending from one point to another; do not contain directional information; expressed in physical unit such as kilometers and can’t be changed |
| Relative distance | distance measured in cost and time and not in linear terms such as miles or kilometers |
| Distribution | the arrangement of something across Earth’s surface |
| Environmental determinism | a nineteenth- and early twentieth-century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences |
| Absolute location | a position on the global grid with only one possible reference point |
| Relative location | location as described in relation to places around it |
| Site | the physical character of a place |
| Situation | the location of a place relative to another place |
| Space Time Compression | the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems |
| Friction of distance | the degree to which distance interferes with some interaction |
| Distance decay | the diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin |
| Networks | interconnecting routes allows movement from one center to the others |
| Connectivity | the degree to which the nodes of a network are directly connected with each other |
| Accessibility | The ease of approach to one location from other locations. This may be measured in terms of the distance travelled, the cost of travel, or the time taken |
| Space | the physical gap or interval between two objects |
| Spatial Distribution | Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure. |
| Size | the relative amount of space taken up on the map by the landforms or objects on map |
| Scale | generally, the relationship between the portion of the Earth being studied and Earth as a whole; specifically, the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface |
| Formal region | an area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics |
| Functional region | an area organized around a node or focal point |
| Vernacular region | an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity |
| Possibilism | the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives |
| Natural Landscape | the earth's features and processes without the influence of humans |
| Pattern | the geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area |
| Place Name | a toponym is the name given to a place on Earth; most straightforward way to describe a particular location |
Created by:
kbagal
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