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chapt 14

Digestive System/ organs

QuestionAnswer
salivary glands secrete saliva, which contains enzymes that initiate breakdown of carbohydrates
liver produces bile, which emulsifies fat
gallbladder stores bile and introduces it into small intestine
pancreas produces and secretes pancreatic juice, containing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions, into small intestine
mouth mechanical breakdown of food; begins chemical digestion of carbohydrates
pharynx connects mouth with esophagus
esophagus peristalsis pushes food to stomach
stomach secretes acid and enzymes; mixes food with secretions to begin enzymatic digestion of proteins: pouch like organ, holds over 1 liter of food, break down food, initiate protein digestion, mix with enzymes
small intestine, ileum mixes food with bile and pancreatic juice; final enzymatic breakdown of food molecules; main site of nutrient absorption, longest tube-like organ, extending from the pylorus of the stomach to the large intestines, nutrients absorbed, duodenum, jejunum, il
large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes to form feces, colon, solidify wastes= reabsorb water, salts, electrolytes, ascending, transverse, and descending sections, end section sigmoid= sigmoid
rectum regulates elimination of feces
mastication chewing
salivary glands saliva
cardiac region cardiac sphincter; allows food to enter, prevents regurgitation, sphincter failure= allows gastric juices to reflux into the esophagus, no protective lining= burning feeling
stomach juices extremely acidic=digestion, protective lining in the stomach and intestines, rugae= folds in the lining, the stomach fills=folds disappear
Created by: Edunham
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