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A&P: Module 1
Glossary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abdominopelvic | Pertaining to the abdomen and pelvis. |
| anatomic position | Standard position of the body for anatomic studies or designations: upright, face front, arms at side with palms forward, and feet parallel. |
| anatomy | Study of body structure. |
| anterior | Toward the front or belly surface; ventral. |
| cardiovascular system | System consisting of the heart and blood vessels that transports blood throughout the body. |
| cranial cavity | Pertaining to the cranium, the part of the skull that encloses the brain; toward the head or nearer to the head. |
| diaphragm | Dome-shaped muscle under the lungs that flattens during inhalation; a separating membrane or structure. |
| digestive system | The system involved in taking in nutrients, converting them to a form the body can use, and absorbing them into the circulation. |
| disease | Illness; abnormal state in which part or all of the body does not function properly. |
| dissect | To cut apart or separate tissues for study. |
| dorsal | At or toward the back; posterior. |
| effector | Muscle or gland that responds to a signal; effector organ. |
| endocrine system | System composed of glands that secrete hormones. |
| epigastric | Pertaining to the abdominal region just inferior to the sternum (breastbone); most superior midline region of the abdomen. |
| extracellular | Outside the cell. |
| frontal plane | Describing a plane that divides a structure into anterior and posterior parts. Pertaining to the anterior bone of the cranium. |
| gradient | A difference in specific values between two areas, such as gradients of position, concentration, or pressure within a system. |
| homeostasis | State of balance within the body; maintenance of body conditions within set limits. |
| hypochondriac | Pertaining to a region on either side of the abdomen just inferior to the ribs |
| hypogastric | Pertaining to an area inferior to the stomach; most inferior midline region of the abdomen. |
| iliac | Pertaining to the ilium, the upper portion of the hipbone; pertaining to the most inferior, lateral regions of the abdomen. |
| inferior | Below or lower. |
| inguinal | Pertaining to the groin region or the region of the inguinal canal. |
| integumentary | The skin and all its associated structures. |
| intracellular | Within a cell. |
| lateral | Farther from the midline; toward the side |
| lumbar | Pertaining to the region of the spine between the thoracic vertebrae and the sacrum |
| lymphatic system | System consisting of the lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissue; involved in immunity, digestion, and fluid balance. |
| medial | Nearer the midline of the body. |
| mediastinum | Region between the lungs and the organs and vessels it contains |
| muscular system | The system of skeletal muscles that moves the skeleton, supports and protects the organs, and maintains posture. |
| negative feedback | Self-regulating system in which the result of an action reverses that action; a method for keeping body conditions within a normal range and maintaining homeostasis. |
| nervous system | The system that transports information in the body by means of electric impulses and neurotransmitters. |
| organs | Body part containing two or more tissues functioning together for specific purposes. |
| pathology | Study of disease. |
| physiology | Study of the function of living organisms. |
| posterior | Toward the back; dorsal. |
| prefix | A word part that comes before a root and modifies its meaning. |
| resistance | Any or all factors that resist flow down a gradient. |
| respiratory system | System consisting of the lungs and breathing passages involved in exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the outside air and the blood. |
| root | Basic part of a word; attached or embedded part, such as a nail or hair root. The branched portion of a spinal nerve that joins with the spinal cord. |
| sagittal plane | Referring to a plane that divides the body into left and right portions. |
| skeletal system | The body system that includes the bones and joints. |
| suffix | A word part that follows a root and modifies its meaning. |
| superior | Above; in a higher position. |
| tissues | Group of similar cells that performs a specialized function. |
| transverse plane | Describing a plane that divides a structure into superior and inferior parts. |
| urinary system | The system involved in elimination of soluble waste, water balance, and regulation of body fluids. |
| ventral | At or toward the front or belly surface; anterior. |
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