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Endocrine vocabulary
Endocrine system Chpt 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aden/o | gland |
| adreno/ o, adrenal/o | adrenal glands |
| gluc/o | glucose |
| glyc/o | glycogen |
| gonad/o | sex glands |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid |
| thyr/o, thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| pancreat-itis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| glyco-lysis | conversion of glycogen to glucose |
| adeno-pathy | glandular or lymph node disease |
| gonado-tropin | a hormone that aids in growth of gonads |
| adreno-megaly | enlargement of the adrenal glands |
| thyro-toxic | having excessive amounts of thyroid hormone |
| parathyroid-ectomy | excision of the parathyroid glands |
| disorders of the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal gland can affect many functions within the body | hypersecretion, acromegaly, diabetes Insipidus, graves disease, myxedema, hyperparathyroidism, cushing syndrome |
| pancreatic disorders that leads to diabetes. Diabetes can impact many other systems within the body | pancreatitis, hypoglycemia, diabetes mellitis and diabetes |
| Type 1 diabetes | insulin- dependent diabetes mellitis or IDDM |
| Type 2 | non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitis or NIDDM |
| pancreatic disorders # | glucosuria, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, acidosis, ketoacidosis |
| cancers of the endocrine system | thyroid cancer= remove gland+ replace hormone, pancreatic cancer=fatal=no good treatments |
| surgical terms | synthetic hormone replacement, adenectomy, adrenalectomy, hypophysectomy, pancreatectomy, parathyroidectomy, thymectomy, thyroidectomy |
| pharmacological terms | hormone replacement therapy( HRT), antihypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, hypoglycemic, human growth hormone, steroids, radioactive iodine therapy |
| Abbreviations | DM( diabetes mellitis), GH ( growth hormone), IDDM ( insulin-dependent diabetes, SIADH ( syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, t4 { thyroxine) |
| function of the endocrine system | is to secrete hormones |
| endocrine glands | hypothalamus, neurohypophysis( pituitary gland- posterior), adenohypophysis( pituitary gland-anterior, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal medulla, adrenal cortex, pancreas ( in islet of langerhans), pineal gland, ovaries, testes, thymus gland |
| pancreas | insulin=maintain glucose levels |
| ovaries | estrogen and progesterone; female characteristics, menstrual cycle, reproductive functions |
| testes | testosterone and androgen, male sex characteristics, sperm production |
| hypothalamus | stimulates / inhibits pituitary secretions |
| pineal gland | affects sexual function/ sleep cycles |
| pituitary gland | growth and metabolism |
| thyroid | affects metabolism |
| thymus gland | aids in T and B cells developement; function not well understood. Thymosin, thymic humoral factor, factor thymic serum |
| adrenal glands | metabolism, growth, fluid, and electrolyte balance |
| group of glands act as body's master regulator of chemicals that affect the entire body | hormone secretion |
| surgical terms | pancreatectomy, parathyroidectomy, thymectomy, thyroidectomy |
| pancreas | insulin, glucagons, maintains blood glucose concentration |
| hypothalamus | pituitary-regulating hormones, either stimulate or inhibit pituitary secretions |
| neurohypophysis | in charge of (ADH), vasopressin, oxytocin, melanocyte- stimulating hormone (MSH), increase water reabsorption, stimulates uterine, contractions and lactation,; stimulates the production of melanin. |
| adenohypophysis | growth, somatotrophic, thyroid-stimulating adrenocorticotropic, follicle-stimulating, and luteinizing and protein hormones |
| adenohypophysis | stimulates bone and muscle growth; regulates metabolic functions, stimulates thyroid gland and adrenal cortex. Stimulates developement of ova and production of female hormones, breast developement, and milk production |
| thyroid | T4; triiodothyronine T3, calcitonin, regulates metabolism; stimulates growth. Lowers blood calcium as necessary to maintain homeostasis |
| parathyroid | parathormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH). Increases blood calcium as necessary to maintain homeostasis. |
| adrenal medulla | epinephrine and norepinephrine: reacts to stress |
| adrenal cortex | glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, gonadocorticoids; affects metabolism, growth, and aid in electrolyte and fluid balances |
| thyroid | affects metabolism |
| thymus gland | aids in T and B cells |
| adrenal glands | metabolism, growth, fluid, and electrolyte balance |
| Endocrine System | group of glands act as the body's master regulator of chemical that affect the entire body: hormone secretion |
Created by:
Edunham
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