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Medical Terminology
Medical Terminology by Justin Rietman
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| (P) dys- | bad, difficult, painful |
| (P) hyper- | excessive, increased |
| (P) hypo- | deficient, decreased |
| (R) arthr/o | joint |
| (R) derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o | skin |
| (R) hepat/o | liver |
| (R) my/o, muscul/o | muscle |
| (R) myc/o | fungus |
| (R) neur/o | nerve |
| (R) oste/o | bone |
| (R) path/o | disease |
| (R) plas/o | formation |
| (R) py/o | pus |
| (R) scler/o | hard |
| (R) xer/o | dry |
| (S) -algia, -dynia | pain, painful condition |
| (S) -ectomy | surgical removal, cutting out, excision |
| (S) -itis | inflammation |
| (S) -megaly | abnormal enlargement |
| (S) -osis | abnormal condition or disease |
| (S) -ostomy | surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface |
| (S) -otomy | to cut, cutting, surgical incision |
| (S) -plasty | surgical repair |
| (S) -rrhage, -rrhagia | bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge, excessive flow |
| (S) -rrhaphy | surgical suturing |
| (S) -rrhea | flow or discharge |
| (S) -rrhexis | rupture |
| (S) -sclerosis | abnormal hardening |
| acronym | a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term (e.g. laser) |
| acute | sudden; sharp; severe |
| arteriosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries |
| arthralgia | pain in one or more joints |
| colostomy | the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface |
| cyanosis | abnormal condition of blue |
| dermatologist | a physician that specializes in diseases and problems of the skin |
| diagnosis | condition of complete knowledge |
| edema | abnormal condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid; (swelling) |
| eponym | disease named after the person that identified or defined it (e.g. Parkinson's disease) |
| erythrocyte | red blood cell |
| fissure | a split, cleft, groove, or crack-like lesion in the skin or surface of an organ |
| fistula | abnormal passageway between two organs |
| gastralgia | pain in the stomach |
| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the stomach and intestines |
| gastrosis | abnormal condition of the stomach |
| hemorrhage | excessive bleeding |
| hepatomegaly | enlargement of the liver |
| hypertension | high blood pressure |
| hypotension | low blood pressure |
| interstitial | pertaining to the space between cells |
| intramuscular | within the muscle |
| lesion | a pathologic change of tissues due to disease or injury |
| myopathy | pertaining to the disease of a muscle |
| myorrhexis | a rupture of a muscle |
| neonatology | the study of the time after birth (the first 28 days) |
| neurorrhaphy | a surgical procedure to suture a severed nerve |
| palpation | use of the hand or fingers to examine by touch or feel |
| palpitation | a pounding or racing of the heart |
| pathology | pertaining to the study of a disease |
| phalanges | bones of the fingers and toes |
| prognosis | condition of foreknowledge; prediction of future course of disease or injury |
| pyrosis | the burning sensation caused by the return of acidic stomach contents into the esophagus |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the nasal passages or the nose |
| sign | objective evidence of disease, such as a fever |
| supination | act of rotating the arm so the palm of the hand is forward or upward |
| suppuration | the formation or discharge of pus |
| supracostal | pertaining to above the ribs |
| symptom | any perceptible change in the function of the body that indicates disease; can be objective, subjective and cardinal |
| syndrome | a set of signs and symptoms that occur together that characterize a specific disease or inherited abnormality |
| tonsilitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| triage | screening of patients to determine their priority of need and the proper place of medical treatment |
| viral | pertaining to a virus |
| (R) cardi/o | heart |
| (R) enter/o | small intestine |
| (R) gastr/o | stomach |
| (R) hem/o, hemat/o | blood |
| (R) angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o | vessel (most commonly blood vessel, but can be other vessels as well) |
| (R) pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o | lung |
| (R) gen/o | creation, cause |
| (R) hydr/o | water |
| (R) morph/o | change |
| (R) necr/o | death |
| (R) orth/o | straight |
| (R) phag/o | eat |
| (R) sten/o | narrowing |
| (R) troph/o | nourishment, development |
| (R) xen/o | foreign |
| (S) -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -tic, -ous | pertaining to (turns the root word into an adjective, e.g. cardiac) |
| (S) -ia, -ism | condition (turns the root word into a noun, e.g. pneumonia, autism) |
| (S) -ium | tissue, structure (turns the root word into a noun, e.g. pericardium) |
| (S) -y | condition, procedure (turns the root word into a noun, e.g. hypertrophy) |
| (S) -icle, -ole, -ule, -ula | small (diminutive; turns a term's meaning into a smaller version of the root, e.g. artery to arteriole) |
| (S) -iatrics, -iatry | medical science |
| (S) -iatrist | specialist in medicine of |
| (S) -ist | specialist |
| (S) -logist | specialist in the study of |
| (S) -logy | study of |
| (S) -cele | hernia (a bulging of tissue into an area where is doesn't belong) |
| (S) -emia | blood condition |
| (S) -iasis | presence of |
| (S) -lysis | loosen, break down |
| (S) -malacia | abnormal softening |
| (S) -oid | resembling |
| (S) -oma | tumor |
| (S) -pathy | disease |
| (S) -penia | deficiency |
| (S) -ptosis | drooping |
| (S) -spasm | involuntary contraction |
| (S) -centesis | puncture |
| (S) -gram | written record |
| (S) -graph | instrument used to produce a record |
| (S) -graphy | writing procedure |
| (S) -meter | instrument used to measure |
| (S) -metry | process of measuring |
| (S) -scope | instrument used to look |
| (S) -scopy | process of looking |
| (S) -desis | binding, fixation |
| (S) -pexy | surgical fixation |
| (S) -plasty | reconstruction |
| (S) -stomy | creation of an opening |
| (S) -tomy | incision |
| (P) a-, an- | not |
| (P) anti-, contra- | against |
| (P) de- | down, away from |
| (P) ante-, pre- | before |
| (P) pro- | before, on behalf of |
| (P) brady- | slow |
| (P) tachy- | fast |
| (P) post- | after |
| (P) re- | again |
| (P) ab- | away |
| (P) ad- | toward |
| (P) circum-, peri- | around |
| (P) dia-, trans- | through |
| (P) e-, ec-, ex- | out |
| (P) ecto-, exo-, extra- | outside |
| (P) en-, endo-, intra- | in, inside |
| (P) epi- | upon |
| (P) sub- | beneath |
| (P) inter- | between |
| (P) bi- | two |
| (P) hemi-, semi- | half |
| (P) hyper- | over |
| (P) hypo- | under |
| (P) macro- | large |
| (P) micro- | small |
| (P) mono-, uni- | one |
| (P) oligo- | few |
| (P) pan- | all |
| (P) poly-, multi- | many |
| (P) con-, syn-, sym- | with, together |
| (P) dys- | bad |
| (P) eu- | good |
| What does S.O.A.P. stand for? | Subjective (Blue), Objective (Red), Assessment (Yellow), Plan (Green) |
| acute | it just started recently or a sharp, severe symptom |
| chronic | it has been going on for awhile |
| exacerbation | getting worse |
| abrupt | all of a sudden |
| febrile | to have a fever |
| afebrile | to not have a fever |
| malaise | not feeling well |
| progressive | more and more each day |
| symptom | something a patient feels |
| noncontributory | not related to this specific problem |
| lethargic | a decrease in level of consciousness; in a medical record, generally this means a patient is really sick |
| genetic/ hereditary | in runs in the family |
| alert | able to answer questions; responsive; interactive |
| oriented | being aware (who they are, where they are, and what time it is) |
| marked | really stands out |
| unremarkable | normal |
| auscultation | to listen |
| percussion | to hit something and listen to the resulting sound or feel the vibration |
| palpation | to feel |
| impression | another way of saying assessment |
| diagnosis | what the healthcare professional thinks the patient has |
| differential diagnosis | a list of conditions the patient may have based on the symptoms shown |
| benign | safe |
| malignant | dangerous; a problem |
| degeneration | to be getting worse |
| remission | to get better or improve; generally used when speaking about cancer but it does not mean cure |
| idiopathic | no known specific cause |
| localized | stays in a certain part of the body |
| systemic/ generalized | all over the body (or most of it) |
| prognosis | the chances for things getting better or worse |
| occult | hidden |
| lesion | diseased tissue |
| recurrent | to have again |
| sequela | a problem resulting from disease or injury |
| pending | waiting for |
| pathogen | the organism that causes the problem |
| morbidity | the risk for being sick |
| mortality | the risk for dying |
| etiology | the cause |
| disposition | what happened to the patient at the end of the visit |
| discharge | to come home, or fluid coming out of the body |
| pallative | treating the symptoms but not getting rid of the cause |
| observation | to watch or keep an eye on |
| reassurance | to tell the patient the problem is not serious or dangerous |
| supportive care | to treat the symptoms and make the patient feel better |
| sterile | extremely clean, germ-free conditions |
| prophylaxis | preventative treatment |
| proximal | closer to the center |
| distal | farther away from the center |
| lateral | out to the side |
| medial | toward the middle |
| ventral, antral, anterior | the front |
| dorsal, posterior | the back |
| cranial | toward the top |
| caudal | toward the bottom |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| prone | lying down on belly |
| supine | lying down on back |
| contralateral | opposite side |
| ipsilateral | same side |
| unilateral | one side |
| bilateral | both sides |
| dorsum | top of the hand or foot |
| plantar | the sole of the foot |
| palmar | the palm of the hand |
| sagittal | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from left to right |
| coronal | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from front to back |
| transverse | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from top to bottom |
| physician | A skilled health care provider who attended and graduated medical school. Two types in America, MD and DO. |
| pediatrician | a physician with special training in caring for children |
| surgeon | a physician qualified to treat patients surgically, that is, by means of operation or invasive procedure |
| anesthesiologist | a physician with special training in pain sedation and pain control |
| epidemiologist | a specialist in the study of the causes and distribution of diseases in populations and the use of this data to enhance public health |
| physician assistant (PA) | a midlevel healthcare provider who works under the license of the supervising physician |
| nurse practitioner (NP) | a nurse with post graduate training that serves as a midlevel healthcare provider; works under the license of a supervising physician |
| emergency medical technician (EMT) | specially trained in the emergency care of a patient before and or during transportation to a medical facility |
| speech therapist | specially trained in evaluating and treating problems with speech and or swallowing |
| occupational therapist | specially trained in evaluating and treating problems with performing daily activities and home, school, or work |
| physical therapist | specially trained in evaluating and treating physical impairments including disabilities or recovery from an injury |
| respiratory therapist | specially trained in treating a patient's respiratory issues under the guidance of a health care provider |
| dietician | specially trained in evaluating the nutritional status of a patient and developing an appropriate diet plan |
| licensed practical nurse (LPN), licensed vocational nurse (LVN) | trained and certified to give basic care to a patient |
| registered nurse (RN) | an advanced level nurse who has completed an associate or bachelor's degree; often assists with patient care planning and patient education |
| medical assistant | trained to carry out basic administrative and clinical tasks under the guidance of a health care provider |
| pathologist | a physician with special training in both evaluating the causes and effects of disease and in laboratory medicine |
| medical laboratory technician | trained in performing laboratory testing on bodily fluids |
| phlebotomist | trained in the removal of blood from the body for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes |
| radiologist | a physician specially trained in evaluating images of the body to diagnose illness or injury |
| radiology technician | trained to perform radiologic testing or administer radiation therapy under the direction of a health care provider |
| ultrasonographer | trained in performing ultrasound imaging on a patient |
| pharmacist | trained and licensed in preparing and dispensing medicine |
| pharmacy technician | trained to assist a pharmacist with pharmacy-related tasks |
| patient service coordinator | handles administrative tasks and coordinates patient care |
| medical transcriptionist | trained in converting the voice-recorded dictations of health care providers into text format |
| clinic note | documents a visit |
| consult note | provides an expert opinion on a more challenging problem |
| emergency department note | documents an emergency department visit |
| admission summary | documents the admission of a patient to a hospital |
| discharge summary | describes when and why a patient was admitted; documents a longer stay |
| operative report | documents a surgery in detail |
| daily hospital note/progress note | documents daily hospital visit |
| radiology report | explains reason for image, how image was performed, what was seen on the image, radiologist's assessment; sometimes a recommendation |
| pathology report | provides reasons for test, what was seen on the test, and an assessment |
| prescription | provides directions for a medication |
| CCU | coronary care unit |
| ECU | emergency care unit |
| ER | emergency room |
| ED | emergency department |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| PICU | pediatric intensive care unit |
| NICU | neonatal intensive care unit |
| SICU | surgical intensive care unit |
| PACU | post-anesthesia care unit |
| L&D | labor and delivery |
| OR | operating room |
| post-op | after surgery |
| pre-op | before surgery |
| VS | vital signs |
| T | temperature |
| BP | blood pressure |
| HR | heart rate |
| RR | respiratory rate |
| Ht | height |
| Wt | weight |
| BMI | body mass index |
| I/O | intake/output (fluid intake/fluid output) |
| Dx | diagnosis |
| DDx | differential diagnosis |
| Tx | treatment |
| Rx | prescription |
| H&P | history and physical |
| Hx | history |
| CC | chief complaint |
| HPI | history of present illness |
| ROS | review of symptoms |
| PMHx | past medical history |
| FHx | family history |
| NKDA | no known drug allergies |
| PE | physical exam |
| Pt | patient |
| y/o | years old |
| h/o | history of |
| PCP | primary care provider |
| f/u | follow up |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| HEENT | head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat |
| PERRLA | pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light and accomodation |
| NAD | no acute distress |
| CV | cardiovascular |
| RRR | regular rate and rhythm |
| CTA | clear to auscultation (normal sounding lungs) |
| WDWN | well developed, well nourished |
| A&O | alert and orientated |
| WNL | within normal limits |
| NOS | not otherwise specified |
| NEC | not elsewhere classified |
| PO | per os (by mouth) |
| NPO | nil per os (nothing by mouth) |
| PR | per rectum (anal) |
| IM | intramuscular |
| SC | subcutaneous |
| IV | intravenous |
| CVL | central venous line |
| PICC | peripherally inserted central catheter |
| Sig | instructions short for signa "label" |
| BID | twice daily |
| TID | three times daily |
| Q | every x (e.g. Q4hr is every 4 hours) |
| QD* | daily |
| QID* | 4 times daily |
| QHS | at night |
| AC | before meals |
| PC | after meals |
| prn | as needed |
| ad lib | as desired |
| (P) end-, endo- | in, within, inside |
| (P) epi- | above, upon, on |
| (P) exo- | out of, outside, away from |
| (P) pan- | all, entire, every |
| (CF) aden/o | gland |
| (CF) adip/o | fat |
| (CF) anter/o | before, front |
| (CF) caud/o | lower part of body, tail |
| (CF) cephal/o | head |
| (CF) dors/o | back of the body |
| (CF) eti/o | cause |
| (CF) hist/o | tissue |
| (CF) poster/o | behind, toward the back |
| (CF, S) cyt/o, -cyte | cell |
| (CF, S) path/o, -pathy | disease, suffering, feeling, emotion |
| (CF, S) plas/i, plas/o, -plasia | development, growth, formation |
| (S) -ologist | specialist |
| (S) -ology | the science or study of |
| (S) -stasis, -static | control, maintenance of a constant level |
| abdominal cavity | space below the diaphragm, it contains the stomach, intestine, and other organs of digestion |
| acute | it just started recently or is a sharp, severe symptom |
| adenoma | tumor of glandular tissue |
| adenomalacia | softening of glandular tissue |
| afebrile | to not have a fever |
| anatomy | the study, classification and description of structures and organs of the body |
| anterior | pertaining to the front of a structure |
| aplasia | defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue |
| auscultation | to listen (often with a stethoscope) |
| benign | safe, non-threatening |
| caudal | pertaining to toward the tail or foot |
| cephalic | pertaining to the head |
| chromosomes | microscopic bodies that carry the genes that determine hereditary characteristics |
| congenital disorder | a disorder present at birth |
| coronal or frontal plane | a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| cranial | the portion of the skull that encloses the brain, toward the "top" of the body |
| cytoplasm | material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus |
| diagnosis | what the health care professional thinks the patient has |
| distal | situated farthest from the midline, or the body of a structure |
| DNA | a molecule on the chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell - deoxyribonucleic acid - exception is red blood cells which have no nucleus |
| dorsal | the back of an organ or body |
| dorsal cavity | the cranial cavity and spinal cavity combined that make up the dorsal cavity |
| dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs |
| endocrine | to secrete within the body |
| epidemic | pertaining to among the people; the rapid and widespread occurrence of an infectious disease |
| epigastric region | the region directly above the navel |
| etiololgy | study of all factors involved in the development of a disease; the (origin) cause of a disease |
| febrile | to have a fever |
| gene | a fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity |
| histology | pertaining to the study of the structure, composition and function of tissue |
| homeostasis | the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment |
| hyperplasia | the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues |
| hypertrophy | an increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of cells in the tissues |
| hypochondriac region | regions to the left and right of the epigastric region |
| hypogastric region | the region directly below the navel |
| hypoplasia | the incomplete development of an organ or tissue due to a deficiency in the number of cells |
| iatrogenic illness | an unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment |
| idiopathic disorder | an illness without known cause |
| inferior | beneath, below, or the undersurface of an organ, or a structure below another structure |
| inguinal | pertaining to the groin |
| lateral | direction near the side of the body, away from the midline |
| left hypochondriac | region located on the left side of the upper chest area |
| left iliac region | region located on the left side of the pelvic area |
| left lumbar region | region located on the left side near the lower back, where the spine curves inward |
| LLQ | left lower quadrant |
| LUQ | left upper quadrant |
| malignant | dangerous; a problem; a spreading type of cancer |
| medial | pertaining to the midline of the body |
| midsagittal plane | a vertical plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves |
| nosocomial infection | a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting |
| nucleus | command center of the cell which controls its activities and helps the cell divide |
| oriented | being aware of who he or she is, where he or she is, and the current time; a patient who is aware of all three is "oriented X 3" |
| palliative | treating the symptoms but not actually getting rid of the cause |
| palpation | to feel (usually using the hands to feel to apply pressure to different areas of the body) |
| palpitation | a sensation of rapid or irregular beating of the heart |
| pandemic | the outbreak of a disease over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide |
| peritoneum | a multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity |
| plantar | sole of the foot |
| posterior | situated in the back, pertaining to the back |
| prognosis | what could or will come or happen as a result of this medical condition |
| progressive | more and more each day |
| prone | lying down on your belly |
| proximal | situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure |
| remission | to get better or improve; most often used when discussing cancer; remission does not mean cure |
| right hypochondriac | region located on the right side of the upper chest area |
| right iliac region | region located on the right side near the pelvic area |
| right lumbar region | region located on the right side near the lower back, where the spine curves inward |
| RLQ | right lower quadrant |
| RUQ | right upper quadrant |
| sagittal plane | a vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions |
| superior | above or toward the top |
| supine | lying on your back |
| systemic/generalized | all over the body (most of it) |
| thoracic cavity | chest cavity |
| transverse plane | a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions |
| umbilical region | region located on the ventral side, surrounding the navel |
| unilateral | pertaining to one side |
| ventral | pertaining to the front, or belly side, of the body (opposite of dorsal) |
| visceral | pertaining to internal organs, especially the abdominopelvic organs |
| (R) adip/o | fat |
| (R) alb/o | white |
| (R) crypt/o | hidden |
| (R) cutane/o | skin |
| (R) dermat/o | skin |
| (R) derm/o | skin |
| (R) erythr/o | red |
| (R) hidr/o | sweat |
| (R) kerat/o | hard, horny |
| (R) leuk/o | white |
| (R) lip/o | fat |
| (R) melan/o | black |
| (R) onych/o | nail |
| (R) pachy/o | thick |
| (R) pil/o, pil/i | hair |
| (R) sebace/o | oil |
| (R) seb/o | oil |
| (R) squam/o | scale |
| (R) steat/o | fat |
| (R) trich/o | hair |
| (R) ungu/o | nail |
| (R) xanth/o | yellow |
| (R) xer/o | dry |
| abraision | a scraping away of skin |
| abscess | a localized collection of pus in the body |
| acne vulgaris | common acne; an inflammation of the skin follicles |
| actinic dermatitis | inflammation of the skin caused by sun exposure |
| actinic keratosis | horny skin condition caused by sun exposure |
| adipocele | a hernia filled with fatty tissue |
| albinism | lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white |
| albino | a person afflicted with albinism |
| allograft | skin transplant taken from another member of the patient's species (allo because it's from another person) |
| alopecia | baldness |
| anesthetic | a drug that temporarily blocks sensation |
| anhidrosis | lack of sweating |
| antibiotic | a drug that destroys or opposes the growth of microorganisms |
| antihistamine | a drug that opposes the effects of histamine |
| antipruritic | a drug that prevents or relieves itching |
| antiseptic | a drug that prevents sepsis (rotting of flesh) by killing microorganisms |
| atopic dermatitis | an unusual inflammation of the skin (atopic means "not in the right place") |
| autograft | skin transplant taken from a different place on the patient's body |
| basal cell carcinoma | cancerous tumor of basal skin cells |
| biopsy | removal of tissue in order to examine it |
| bulla | a larger blister; "bubble" in Latin |
| chemosurgery | removal of tissue that has been destroyed using chemicals |
| chemotherapy | treatment using chemicals |
| cherry angioma | a small blood vessel tumor |
| cicatrix (plural cicatrices) | a scar; "scar" in Latin |
| comedo | a hair follicle plugged with sebum (white head, black head); "to eat up" in Latin |
| crust | dried substance on the skin |
| cryosurgery | destruction of tissue through freezing |
| culture & sensitivity (C&S) | growing microorganisms in isolation in order to determine which drugs they might respond to |
| cyanhidrosis | blue sweat |
| decubitus ulcer | bed sore |
| depigmentation | loss of skin pigmentation |
| dermabrasion | rubbing or scraping away the outer surface of skin |
| dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
| dermatofibroma | a fibrous skin tumor |
| dermatolysis | loss of skin |
| dermatomycosis | fungal skin condition |
| dermatoscope | instrument used to look at the skin |
| dermatosis | skin condition |
| dermopathy | skin disease |
| dermoscopy | procedure for looking at the skin |
| dysplastic nevus | a mole with bad changes/formation (often precancerous) |
| ecchymosis | a larger bruise; "to pour out" in Greek |
| eczema | a red, itchy rash that may weep or ooze, then become crusted and scaly; "to boil over" in Greek |
| electrocauterization | using electricity to destroy tissue by burning it |
| electrodesiccation | using electricity to destroy tissue by drying it |
| epidermal | pertaining to the skin |
| epidermal tumor | tumors on the skin |
| erosion | loss of skin |
| erythema | redness; "redness" in Greek |
| erythrocyanosis | a red and/or blue discoloration of the skin |
| erythroderma | red skin |
| excisional biopsy | removal of an entire lesion for examination |
| excoriation | a scratch |
| first-degree burn | a burn affecting only the epidermis or superficial layer of the skin |
| fissure | a crack in the skin; "split" or "divide" in Latin |
| fourth-degree burn | a deep burn affecting not just all layers of the skin but also the underlying tissues like muscle, fascia, or bone |
| hemathidrosis | sweating blood |
| heterograft | skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient's (hetero because it is a different species) |
| hidradenitis | inflammation of the sweat glands |
| hidradenoma | tumor of the sweat glands |
| hidropoiesis | the formation of sweat |
| homograft | skin transplant taken from another member of the patient's species (homo because it's from a similar species) |
| hyperhidrosis | excessive sweating |
| hyperkeratosis | excessive growth of horny skin |
| hypermelanosis | excessive melanin in the skin |
| hyperpigmentation | excessive pigment in the skin |
| hypodermia | pertaining to beneath the skin |
| hypohidrosis | diminished sweating |
| hypomelanosis | diminished melanin in the skin |
| hypopigmentation | diminished pigment in the skin |
| ichthyosis | a condition in the skin that is dry and scaly resembling fish scales |
| impetigo | a highly contagious bacterial infection of the skin; "to attack" in Latin |
| incision and drainage (I&D) | to cut into a wound to allow trapped infected liquid to drain |
| percutaneous | pertaining to through the skin |
| petechia | a small bruise; "freckle" or "spot" in Latin |
| plaque | a solid mass on the surface of the skin |
| postpartum alopecia | baldness experienced by women after a pregnancy |
| pruritus | swollen, raised, itchy areas of the skin; "burning nettle" in Latin |
| psoriasis | a skin condition characterized by patches of itchy, red, scaly skin |
| pustule | a pus-filled blister; "little blister" in Latin |
| rhytidoplasty | reconstruction of wrinkled skin |
| scale | skin flaking off |
| sclerodermatitis | inflammation of the skin accompanied by thickening and hardening |
| scleronychia | thickening and hardening of the nails |
| seborrheic dermatitis | inflammation of the skin caused by the discharge of oil(sebum) |
| second-degree burn | a deeper burn affecting both the epidermis and the dermis |
| squamous cell carnicoma | cancerous tumor of squamous skin cells |
| steatoma | a fatty tumor |
| subcutaneous | pertaining to beneath the skin |
| telangiectasia (spider angioma) | the overexpansion of the blood vessel, sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin |
| third-degree burn | a deep burn affecting the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer |
| tinea | a fungal condition often called "ringworm" due to its circular appearance |
| transdermal | pertaining to through the skin |
| trichomycosis | a fungal condition of the hair |
| tumor | a larger solid mass |
| ulcer | a sore; "sore" in Latin |
| vascular lesion | wounds related to blood vessel |
| verruca | a wart; "wart" in Latin |
| vesicle | a small blister; "little bladder" in Latin |
| vitiligo | a condition in which the pigment is lost from areas of the skin, causing whitish patches, often with no clear cause |
| xanthoderma | yellow skin |
| xanthoma | a yellow tumor |
| xanthosis | yellowing of the skin |
| xenograft | skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient's (xeno because it is a foreign species) |
| xeroderma | dryskin |
| xerosis | condition of dryness |
| (CF) hirsute/o | hairy, rough |
| (CF) onych/o | fingernail or toenail |
| (CF) rhytid/o | wrinkle |
| (CF) urtic/o | rash, hives |
| (S) -edema | swelling due to excess fluid in the tissues |
| (R) acous/o | sound |
| (S) -acusis | hearing condition |
| (R) audi/o | sound |
| (R) aur/o | ear |
| (R) blephar/o | eyelid |
| (R) cerumin/o | ear wax |
| (R) cochle/o | cochlea |
| (R) conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva |
| (R) corne/o | cornea |
| (R) cycl/o | cillary body |
| (R) dacry/o | tear |
| (R) ir/o | iris |
| (R) irid/o | iris |
| (R) kerat/o | cornea |
| (R) labyrinth/o | labyrinth |
| (R) lacrim/o | tear |
| (R) mastoid/o | mastoid process |
| (R) myring/o | eardrum |
| (R) ocul/o | eye |
| (R) ophthalm/o | eye |
| (S) -opia | vision condition |
| (S) -opsia | vision condition |
| (R) opt/o | eye |
| (R) ot/o | ear |
| (R) phac/o | lens |
| (R) phak/o | lens |
| (R) retin/o | retina |
| (R) salping/o | eustachian tube |
| (R) scler/o | sclera (the white of the eye) |
| (R) tympan/o | eardrum |
| (R) vestibul/o | vestibule |
| acoustic neuroma | a tumor on the acoustic nerve |
| aerotitis | inflammation of the ear caused by air |
| akinetopsia | the inability to see objects in motion |
| ambiopia | double vision |
| amblyopia | decreased vision (when it occurs in one eye, it is referred to as lazy eye) |
| aniridia | absence of an iris |
| aphakia | absence of a lens |
| asthenopia | weak vision (eye strain) |
| astigmatism | vision problem caused by the fact that light rays entering the eye aren't focused on a single point in the back of the eye |
| audiogram | record produced by an audiometer |
| audiologist | hearing specialist |
| audiometer | instrument for measuring hearing |
| audiometry | procedure for measuring hearing |
| auditory prosthesis | hearing aid |
| aural | pertaining to the ear |
| binocular | pertaining to both eyes |
| blepharedema | eyelid swelling |
| blepharitis | eyelid inflammation |
| blepharoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the eyelid and conjunctiva |
| blepharoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eyelid |
| blepharoplegia | paralysis of the eyelid |
| blepharoptosis | drooping eyelid |
| blepharopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the eyelid |
| blepharospasm | involuntary contraction of the eyelid |
| blepharotomy | incision into the eyelid |
| cataract | opacity (cloudiness) of the lens of the eye; "waterfall" in Latin |
| cerumen impaction | buildup of earwax blocking the ear canal |
| ceruminolysis | breakdown of earwax |
| ceruminolytic | drug that aids in the breakdown of earwax |
| ceruminoma | benign tumor of the cerumen-secreting glands of the ear |
| ceruminosis | excessive formation of ear wax |
| cochlear implant | electronic device that stimulates the cochlea; it can give the sense of sound to those who are profoundly deaf |
| cochleitis | inflammation of the cochlea |
| conductive hearing loss | sound does not get to the middle/inner ear (due to blockages) |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva (also known as pink eye) |
| corneal abrasion | scratch on the cornea |
| corneal transplant | replacement of damaged cornea with donated tissue |
| corneal xerosis | dryness of the cornea |
| cyclokeratitis | inflammation of the ciliary body and cornea |
| cycloplegia | paralysis of the ciliary body |
| cycloplegic | drug that paralyzes the ciliary body |
| cyclotomy | incision into the ciliary body |
| dacrocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac |
| dacryadenitis | inflammation of the tear gland |
| dacryoadenalgia | pain in the tear gland |
| dacryoadenectomy | removal of the tear gland |
| dacryocystalgia | pain in the tear sac |
| dacryocystectomy | removal of the tear sac |
| dacryocystorhinostomy | creation of an opening between the tear sac and the nose |
| dacryocystotomy | incision into the tear sac |
| dacryohemorrhea | discharge of blood in the tears |
| dacryolith | hard formation (stone) in the tear system |
| dacryolithiasis | presence of hard formations (stones) in the tear system |
| dacryopyorrhea | discharge of pus in tears |
| dacryorrhea | excessive tearing |
| dacryostenosis | narrowing of the tear duct |
| diplopia | double vision |
| ear lavage | rinsing/washing the external ear canal (usually to remove earwax); "to wash, bathe" in Latin |
| ectropion | outward turning of the eyelid, away from the eye |
| entropion | inward turning of the eyelid, toward the eye |
| enucleation | removal of an eye |
| esotropia | inward turning of the eye, toward the nose |
| exophthalmus | protrusion of the eye out of the eye socket |
| exotropia | outward turning of the eye, away from the nose |
| hemianopsia | blindness in half the visual field |
| hyperacusis | excessively sensitive hearing |
| hyperopia | farsightedness |
| hypoacusis | excessively insensitive hearing |
| intraocular lens implant | insertion of a new lens inside the eye |
| iridalgia | pain in the iris |
| iridectomy | removal of the iris |
| iridemia | bleeding from the iris |
| iridocyclectomy | removal of the iris and ciliary body |
| iridocyclitis | inflammation of the iris and ciliary body |
| iridokeratitis | inflammation of the iris and cornea |
| iridokinesis | movement of the iris |
| iridopathy | disease of the iris |
| iridotomy | incision into the iris |
| iritis | inflammation of the iris |
| keratalgia | pain in the cornea |
| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea |
| keratomalacia | abnormal softening of the cornea |
| keratopathy | disease of the cornea |
| keratoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the cornea |
| keratotomy | incision into the cornea |
| labyrinthectomy | removal of the labyrinth |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the labyrinth |
| labyrinthotomy | incision into the labyrinth |
| lacrimation | formation of tears (crying) |
| macrotia | abnormally large ears |
| mastoidalgia | pain in the mastoid |
| mastoidectomy | removal of the mastoid |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid |
| mastoidocentesis | puncture of the mastoid |
| microtia | abnormally small ears |
| miosis | abnormal contraction of the pupil; "to lessen" in Greek |
| miotic | drug that causes the abnormal contraction of the pupil |
| mydriatic | drug that causes the abnormal dilation of the pupil |
| myopia | nearsightedness |
| myringectomy | removal of the eardrum |
| myringitis | inflammation of the eardrum |
| myringodermiatitis | inflammation of the eardrum and surrounding skin |
| myringomycosis | fungal condition of the eardrum |
| myringoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eardrum |
| myringotomy | incision into the eardrum |
| nasolacrimal | pertaining to the nose and tear system |
| nystagmus | involuntary back-and-forth movement of the eyes; "to nod" in Greek |
| oculomycosis | a fungal eye condition |
| oculopathy | disease of the eye |
| oculoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eye |
| ophthalmatrophy | atrophy (wasting away) of the eye |
| ophthalmectomy | removal of the eye |
| ophthalmic | pertaining to the eye |
| ophthalmitis | inflammation of the eye |
| ophthalmologist | eye specialist |
| ophthalmomycosis | fungal eye condition |
| ophthalmomyitis | inflammation of the eye muscles |
| ophthalmopathy | eye disease |
| ophthalmoplegia | eye paralysis |
| ophthalmoscope | instrument for looking at the eye |
| ophthalmalgia | eye pain |
| optic | pertaining to the eye |
| optic neuritis | inflammation of the optic nerve |
| optokinetic | pertaining to eye movement |
| optometrist | specialist in measuring the eye |
| optomyometer | device used to determine the strength of eye muscles |
| osteoacusis | hearing through bone |
| otalgia | ear pain |
| otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear |
| otodynia | ear pain |
| otolaryngologist | specialist in the ear and throat |
| otomycosis | fungal ear condition |
| otoneurology | specialist in the nerve connections between the ear and brain |
| otoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the ear |
| otopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the ears |
| otohinolaryngologist | specialist in the ear, nose, and throat |
| otorrhea | discharge from the ear |
| otosclerosis | hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear |
| otoscope | instrument for looking in the ear |
| otoscopy | procedure for looking in the ear |
| otosteal | pertaining to the bones of the ear |
| ototoxic | drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing |
| papilledema | swelling of the optic nerve where it enters the retina |
| phacoemulsification | fragmentation of an existing lens in order to remove and replace it |
| phacomalacia | abnormal softening of the lens |
| phacosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the lens |
| phacoscope | instrument for looking at the lens |
| phakitis | inflammation of the lens |
| pneumatic otoscopy | procedure for looking in the ear using air |
| presbycusis | loss of hearing in old age |
| presbyopia | decreased vision caused by old age |
| pterygium | winglike growth of conjunctival tissue extending to the cornea; "wing" in Greek |
| retinal | pertaining to the retina |
| retinitis | inflammation of the retina |
| retinopathy | disease of the retina |
| retinopexy | surgical fixation (reattachment) of the retina |
| retinoscope | instrument for looking at the retina |
| retinoscopy | procedure for looking at the retina |
| retinosis | retinal condition |
| retinotomy | incision into the retina |
| rhinosalpingitis | inflammation of the nose and eustachian tubes |
| salpingopharyngeal | pertaining to the eustachian tubes and the throat |
| salpingoscope | instrument for looking at the eustachian tubes |
| sclerectasia | overexpansion of the sclera |
| scleroiritis | inflammation of the sclera and iris |
| sclerokeratitis | inflammation of the sclera and cornea |
| sclerokeratoiritis | inflammation of the sclera, cornea, and iris |
| scleromalacia | abnormal softening of the sclera |
| sclerotomy | incision into the sclera |
| scotoma | dark spot in the visual field |
| scotopia | adjustment of the eye to seeing in darkness |
| sensorineural hearing loss | sound is not transmitted from the inner ear to the brain (due to problems with the sense organs or nerves) |
| strabismus | condition where the eyes deviate when looking at the same object; "to squint" in Latin |
| tinnitus | ringing in the ears; "to ring" or "jingle' in Latin |
| tonometer | instrument for measuring tension or pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure) |
| trichiasis | condition caused by eyelashes growing backward and coming in contact with the eye |
| tympanic perforation | tear or hole in the eardrum |
| tympanocentesis | puncture of the eardrum |
| tympanolabyrinthopexy | surgical fixation of the eardrum to the labyrinth |
| tympanometry | procedure for measuring the eardrum |
| tympanoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the eardrum |
| tympanosclerosis | hardening of the eardrum |
| tympanostomy | creation of an opening in the eardrum |
| vertigo | sensation of moving through space (while stationary); "to whirl around" in Latin |
| vestibular neuritis | inflammation of the vestibular nerve |
| vestibulitis | inflammation of the vestibule |
| vestibulotomy | incision into the vestibule |
| xerophthalmia | dry eyes |
Created by:
justinrietman
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