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Medical Procedures
Commom Medical Procedures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Appendectomy / Apendicectomía | Surgical removal of the appendix to treat appendicitis (inflammation due to infection) |
| Breast biopsy / Biopsia de mama | Removal of breast tissue or cells for examination; may involve needle or lump removal |
| Carotid endarterectomy / Endarterectomía carotídea | Removal of blockage from carotid arteries to prevent stroke |
| Cataract surgery / Cirugía de cataratas | Removal of the eye's cloudy lens, replaced with a clear artificial implant |
| Cesarean section (C-section) / Cesárea | Surgical delivery of a baby via incision through the abdomen and uterus |
| Cholecystectomy / Colecistectomía | Removal of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones or infection |
| Coronary artery bypass / Bypass de arteria coronaria | Bypass created using grafts to reroute blood around blocked coronary arteries |
| Debridement of wound, burn, or infection / Desbridamiento de herida, quemadura o infección | Removal of dead/infected tissue to promote healing |
| Dilation and curettage (D&C) / Dilatación y legrado (D&C) | Dilation of cervix and scraping of uterine lining, often for diagnosis or treatment |
| Free skin graft / Injerto libre de piel | Transplant of skin from one area to another, often used for burns or injuries |
| Hemorrhoidectomy / Hemorroidectomía | Surgical removal of hemorrhoids (swollen rectal veins) |
| Hysterectomy / Histerectomía | Surgical removal of the uterus; may also include removal of ovaries |
| Hysteroscopy / Histeroscopía | Procedure using a hysteroscope to examine/treat the uterus through the vagina |
| Inguinal hernia repair / Reparación de hernia inguinal | Surgical correction of hernia where the intestine protrudes in the groin area |
| Low back pain surgery / Cirugía de la espalda baja | Surgery to address chronic back pain when other treatments have failed |
| Mastectomy / Mastectomía | Surgical removal of all or part of the breast, often to treat cancer |
| Partial (segmental) mastectomy / Mastectomía parcial (segmentaria) | Removal of cancer and a portion of surrounding breast tissue |
| Total (simple) mastectomy / Mastectomía total (simple) | Removal of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and possibly lymph nodes |
| Modified radical mastectomy / Mastectomía radical modificada | Removal of the entire breast and some lymph nodes; may include chest wall tissue |
| Partial colectomy / Colectomía parcial | Removal of part of the colon, often to treat cancer or chronic inflammation |
| Prostatectomy / Prostatectomía | Removal of all or part of the prostate, due to cancer or enlargement (BPH) |
| Tonsillectomy / Amigdalectomía | Surgical removal of one or both tonsils, which are infection-fighting tissues |
| Abdominal hysterectomy / Histerectomía abdominal | Surgical removal of the uterus through an incision in the abdomen |
| Abdominal Surgery for Crohn's disease / Cirugía abdominal para la enfermedad de Crohn | Surgery to remove or repair affected parts of the digestive tract |
| Abdominoplasty / Abdominoplastia | Cosmetic surgery to remove excess abdominal fat and skin ("tummy tuck") |
| Abscess incision and drainage / Incisión y drenaje de absceso | Cutting into an abscess to drain pus and relieve pressure |
| ACL reconstruction / Reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) | Surgical repair of a torn anterior cruciate ligament in the knee |
| Adeno-tonsillectomy (child) / Adenoamigdalectomía (niños) | Removal of adenoids and tonsils, usually to improve breathing or reduce infections |
| Adenoidectomy / Adenoidectomía | Surgical removal of the adenoids, often due to chronic infection or breathing issues |
| Anaesthetics (overview) / Anestesia (visión general) | Medications or techniques used to prevent pain during surgery |
| Angiogram / Angiograma | Imaging test that uses X-rays to view blood vessels |
| Angioplasty / Angioplastia | Procedure to open narrowed or blocked blood vessels, typically with a balloon |
| Ankle arthrodesis / Artrodesis de tobillo | Surgical fusion of ankle bones to reduce pain or deformity |
| Ankle fracture surgery / Cirugía de fractura de tobillo | Operation to repair broken bones in the ankle |
| Anterior repair / Reparación anterior | Surgery to repair the front vaginal wall, often for bladder prolapse |
| Aortic valve replacement / Reemplazo de la válvula aórtica | Replacement of the heart's aortic valve with a mechanical or biological valve |
| Appendectomy / Apendicectomía | Surgical removal of the appendix to treat appendicitis |
| Arthroscopic release of frozen shoulder / Liberación artroscópica del hombro congelado | Minimally invasive surgery to relieve shoulder stiffness |
| Arthroscopy / Artroscopía | Minimally invasive procedure using a camera to view and treat joint issues |
| Arthroscopy of the ankle / Artroscopía de tobillo | Camera-assisted surgery to diagnose and treat ankle joint conditions |
| Arthroscopy of the elbow / Artroscopía de codo | Surgery to inspect or treat problems in the elbow joint |
| Arthroscopy of the knee / Artroscopía de rodilla | Common procedure to diagnose or treat knee joint issues |
| Arthroscopy of the shoulder / Artroscopía de hombro | Used to treat rotator cuff tears, instability, or inflammation in the shoulder |
| Arthroscopy of the wrist / Artroscopía de muñeca | Procedure to diagnose or treat wrist joint problems |
| Assisted vaginal delivery (antenatal use) / Parto vaginal asistido | Use of tools (forceps or vacuum) to help deliver a baby vaginally |
| Axillary node clearance / Vaciamiento ganglionar axilar | Removal of lymph nodes from the underarm, often for cancer treatment |
| Bariatric surgery guide / Guía de cirugía bariátrica | Overview of surgeries to help with weight loss (e.g., gastric bypass) |
| Bilateral vasectomy / Vasectomía bilateral | Sterilization procedure that cuts or blocks both vas deferens |
| Biopsy / Biopsia | Removal of tissue sample for microscopic examination |
| Bladder-neck incision / Incisión en el cuello de la vejiga | Procedure to relieve urinary obstruction in men, often due to prostate enlargement |
| Blepharoplasty / Blefaroplastia | Cosmetic or functional surgery to remove excess eyelid skin |
| Blood testing / Análisis de sangre | Diagnostic procedure to assess health through blood samples |
| Breast implants (breast augmentation) / Implantes mamarios (aumento de senos) | Cosmetic surgery to enhance breast size using implants |
| Breast reconstruction with abdominal tissue flap / Reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo de tejido abdominal | Rebuilding the breast using tissue from the lower abdomen |
| Breast reconstruction with an implant or tissue expander / Reconstrucción mamaria con implante o expansor tisular | Rebuilding breast shape using implants or expanders after mastectomy |
| Breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap / Reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo de dorsal ancho | Uses back muscle and skin to reconstruct the breast |
| Breast reduction / Reducción mamaria | Removal of excess breast tissue to relieve pain or for cosmetic reasons |
| Breast uplift / Levantamiento de senos | Cosmetic surgery to lift and reshape sagging breasts |
| Bronchoscopy / Broncoscopía | Endoscopic exam of the airways and lungs using a flexible tube |
| Bunion surgery / Cirugía de juanetes | Correction of deformity at the base of the big toe |
| Calcium blood test / Prueba de calcio en sangre | Measures calcium levels to check bone, kidney, or parathyroid function |
| Cardiac catheterisation / Cateterismo cardíaco | A test using a catheter to examine heart function and arteries |
| Carpal tunnel release / Liberación del túnel carpiano | Surgery to relieve pressure on the median nerve in the wrist |
| Cataract surgery / Cirugía de cataratas | Removal of a cloudy lens from the eye, replaced with an artificial one |
| Cervical laminectomy / Laminectomía cervical | Removal of part of the vertebrae in the neck to relieve spinal pressure |
| Chest wall perforator flap breast reconstruction / Reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo perforante de la pared torácica | Uses chest wall tissue to reconstruct the breast |
| Cholecystectomy / Colecistectomía | Surgical removal of the gallbladder |
| Cholecystectomy and exploration of the bile duct / Colecistectomía y exploración del conducto biliar | Removal of the gallbladder and check for stones or blockages in bile ducts |
| Cholesteatoma surgery / Cirugía de colesteatoma | Removal of an abnormal skin growth in the middle ear |
| Circumcision / Circuncisión | Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis |
| Clinical trials / Ensayos clínicos | Research studies that evaluate medical, surgical, or behavioral interventions |
| Closure of loop colostomy / Cierre de colostomía en asa | Surgical reversal of a temporary colostomy |
| Colon resection for colon cancer / Resección de colon por cáncer de colon | Removal of part of the colon affected by cancer |
| Colonoscopy / Colonoscopía | Endoscopic exam of the colon to detect abnormalities |
| Colostomy / Colostomía | Surgical opening from the colon to the abdominal wall to divert stool |
| Colposcopy / Colposcopía | Visual examination of the cervix using a magnifying instrument |
| Corneal transplant surgery / Cirugía de trasplante de córnea | Replacement of a damaged cornea with donor tissue |
| Coronary angiogram / Angiograma coronario | X-ray imaging of heart blood vessels using contrast dye |
| Coronary artery bypass graft / Injerto de derivación de arteria coronaria | Surgical rerouting of blood around blocked coronary arteries |
| Correcting a squint (adult) / Corrección de estrabismo (adulto) | Eye muscle surgery to align the eyes |
| Cosmetic procedures / Procedimientos cosméticos | Non-essential surgeries to improve appearance |
| Cosmetic surgery / Cirugía estética | Operative procedures performed for aesthetic enhancement |
| CT scan / Tomografía computarizada (TC) | Imaging test that uses X-rays to create detailed cross-sectional images |
| De Quervain Disease Surgery / Cirugía para enfermedad de De Quervain | Release of tight tendons in the wrist causing thumb pain |
| Dental braces and retainers / Brackets y retenedores dentales | Orthodontic devices used to straighten teeth and maintain alignment |
| Dental bridge / Puente dental | Fixed dental restoration replacing one or more missing teeth |
| Dental fillings / Empastes dentales | Materials used to fill cavities in teeth |
| Dental fissure sealants / Selladores de fisuras dentales | Coating applied to teeth grooves to prevent decay |
| Dental procedures (guide) / Guía de procedimientos dentales | Overview of common dental treatments and interventions |
| Dentures / Dentaduras postizas | Removable replacements for missing teeth |
| Diabetes screening tests / Pruebas de detección de diabetes | Tests to diagnose or monitor diabetes (e.g., blood glucose, HbA1c) |
| Dupuytren's fasciectomy / Fasciectomía de Dupuytren | Surgery to remove thickened tissue in the palm causing finger contraction |
| Elective caesarean section / Cesárea electiva | Planned surgical delivery of a baby through the abdomen |
| Elective splenectomy / Esplenectomía electiva | Planned removal of the spleen, often due to blood disorders or trauma |
| Electrocardiogram (ECG) / Electrocardiograma (ECG) | Test recording the electrical activity of the heart |
| Electroencephalogram (EEG) / Electroencefalograma (EEG) | Brain wave test used to detect epilepsy or other brain disorders |
| Endometrial biopsy / Biopsia endometrial | Removal of tissue from the uterus lining for examination |
| Endoscopic sinus surgery / Cirugía endoscópica de los senos paranasales | Minimally invasive surgery to treat chronic sinus issues |
| Endoscopic ultrasound / Ultrasonido endoscópico | Imaging procedure combining endoscopy and ultrasound to view internal organs |
| Endoscopy / Endoscopía | Procedure using a camera to examine the digestive tract |
| Endovenous ablation / Ablación endovenosa | Treatment of varicose veins using heat via a catheter |
| Entropion and ectropion repair / Reparación de entropión y ectropión | Surgery to correct eyelid turning inward (entropion) or outward (ectropion) |
| Epidural anaesthetic / Anestesia epidural | Regional anaesthesia injected into the spine, often during childbirth |
| Epidural injection for chronic pain relief / Inyección epidural para alivio del dolor crónico | Injection near the spine to reduce inflammation and pain |
| Epigastric hernia repair (adult) / Reparación de hernia epigástrica (adulto) | Surgery to correct a hernia in the upper abdominal wall |
| Excision biopsy of a breast lump / Biopsia por escisión de un bulto mamario | Surgical removal of a lump in the breast for diagnosis |
| Excision of a ganglion / Escisión de un ganglión | Removal of a fluid-filled lump from joints or tendons |
| External cardioversion / Cardioversión externa | Use of electric shocks to restore normal heart rhythm in arrhythmias |
| Facelift / Lifting facial | Cosmetic surgery to reduce wrinkles and sagging skin on the face |
| Facet joint injection / Inyección en la articulación facetaria | Injection to relieve pain from spinal joint inflammation |
| Female sterilisation / Esterilización femenina | Surgical procedure to permanently prevent pregnancy |
| Femoral hernia repair / Reparación de hernia femoral | Surgery to correct hernia near the thigh |
| Fillings (dental) / Empastes dentales | Materials used to restore teeth damaged by decay |
| Flexible cystoscopy (female) / Cistoscopía flexible (mujer) | Endoscopic examination of the bladder and urethra in females |
| Flexible cystoscopy (male) / Cistoscopía flexible (hombre) | Endoscopic examination of the bladder and urethra in males |
| Flexible sigmoidoscopy / Sigmoidoscopia flexible | Examination of the sigmoid colon using a flexible scope |
| Gastric sleeve surgery / Cirugía de manga gástrica | Weight loss surgery reducing stomach size |
| Gastroscopy / Gastroscopía | Endoscopic examination of the stomach |
| Gender affirming surgery / Cirugía de afirmación de género | Procedures to align physical characteristics with gender identity |
| General anaesthetic (child) / Anestesia general (niño) | Induced unconsciousness during surgery for pediatric patients |
| Glaucoma surgery / Cirugía de glaucoma | Surgery to reduce eye pressure and prevent vision loss |
| Grommets / Túneles de ventilación (tímpanos) | Small tubes inserted in the eardrum to drain fluid and relieve infections |
| Guide to cosmetic surgery / Guía de cirugía estética | Informational resource about cosmetic procedures |
| Guide to dental procedures / Guía de procedimientos dentales | Overview of common dental treatments |
| Gynaecomastia surgery / Cirugía de ginecomastia | Surgery to reduce enlarged male breast tissue |
| Haemorrhoidectomy / Hemorroidectomía | Surgical removal of hemorrhoids |
| Hair transplant / Trasplante de cabello | Procedure to restore hair by transplanting follicles |
| Hearing tests / Pruebas auditivas | Tests to assess hearing ability |
| Heart surgery / Cirugía cardíaca | Surgery to treat heart conditions |
| Heart transplants / Trasplante de corazón | Replacement of a diseased heart with a donor heart |
| Hydrocele repair (child) / Reparación de hidrocele (niño) | Surgery to correct fluid-filled swelling around the testicle |
| Hysterectomy / Histerectomía | Surgical removal of the uterus |
| Hysterectomy (abdominal) / Histerectomía abdominal | Removal of uterus through abdominal incision |
| Hysterectomy (laparoscopic) / Histerectomía laparoscópica | Minimally invasive removal of the uterus via small incisions |
| Hysterectomy (vaginal) / Histerectomía vaginal | Removal of uterus through the vagina |
| Hysteroscopic endometrial ablation / Ablación endometrial histeroscópica | Removal of uterine lining using hysteroscope to reduce bleeding |
| Hysteroscopy / Histeroscopía | Procedure to examine the inside of the uterus using a scope |
| LASIK surgery / Cirugía LASIK | Laser surgery to correct vision by reshaping the cornea |
| Lateral internal sphincterotomy / Esfinterotomía interna lateral | Surgery to treat anal fissures by cutting part of the anal sphincter |
| Liposuction / Liposucción | Cosmetic surgery to remove fat deposits via suction |
| Liver biopsy / Biopsia hepática | Removal of liver tissue sample for diagnosis |
| Lower limb angiogram and angioplasty (radiology) / Angiografía y angioplastia de extremidades inferiores | Imaging and treatment of blood vessel blockages in the leg |
| Lumbar laminectomy / Laminectomía lumbar | Removal of vertebral bone to relieve spinal nerve pressure in lower back |
| Lumbar microdiscectomy / Microdiscectomía lumbar | Minimally invasive removal of herniated disc material in lumbar spine |
| Lumbar puncture / Punción lumbar | Procedure to collect cerebrospinal fluid from the spine |
| Lung biopsy / Biopsia pulmonar | Removal of lung tissue for examination |
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) / Imagen por resonancia magnética (IRM) | Imaging test using magnetic fields to produce detailed body images |
| Male mastectomy / Mastectomía masculina | Removal of breast tissue in males, often for gynecomastia or cancer |
| Mammography / Mamografía | X-ray imaging of the breasts to detect abnormalities |
| Mastectomy — breast cancer treatment or prevention / Mastectomía — tratamiento o prevención del cáncer de mama | Surgical removal of breast tissue to treat or prevent cancer |
| Maxillary Le Fort 1 osteotomy / Osteotomía maxilar Le Fort 1 | Surgery to reposition the upper jaw for structural correction |
| Microdochectomy / Microdochectomía | Removal of a milk duct, often due to nipple discharge or lumps |
| Mitral valve surgery / Cirugía de la válvula mitral | Repair or replacement of the mitral valve in the heart |
| MRI / IRM (Imagen por resonancia magnética) | See Magnetic Resonance Imaging above |
| Myringoplasty / Miringoplastia | Surgical repair of the eardrum |
| Myringoplasty (child) / Miringoplastia (niño) | Eardrum repair surgery adapted for children |
| Nephrostomy / Nefrostomía | Surgical creation of an opening to drain urine from the kidney |
| Oophorectomy / Ooforectomía | Surgical removal of one or both ovaries |
| Open cholecystectomy / Colecistectomía abierta | Traditional open surgery to remove the gallbladder |
| Open incisional hernia repair / Reparación abierta de hernia incisional | Open surgery to repair hernia at surgical incision site |
| Open inguinal hernia repair (female) / Reparación abierta de hernia inguinal (mujer) | Open surgery to fix groin hernia in females |
| Open inguinal hernia repair (male) / Reparación abierta de hernia inguinal (hombre) | Open surgery to fix groin hernia in males |
| Open TMJ surgery / Cirugía abierta de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) | Surgery on the jaw joint to relieve pain or dysfunction |
| Orchidopexy for a palpable testicle (child) / Orquidopexia para testículo palpable (niño) | Surgery to move undescended testicle into the scrotum |
| Organ transplants / Trasplantes de órganos | Surgical transplantation of organs like kidney, liver, heart, etc |
| Orthodontic treatments / Tratamientos de ortodoncia | Procedures to correct teeth and jaw alignment |
| Ovariectomy / Ovarectomía | Surgical removal of ovaries (synonym of oophorectomy) |
| Pain relief after surgery / Alivio del dolor postoperatorio | Methods used to reduce pain following surgery |
| Paracentesis / Paracentesis | Procedure to remove fluid from the abdomen using a needle |
| Parathyroidectomy / Paratiroidectomía | Surgical removal of parathyroid glands |
| Paraumbilical and umbilical hernia repair / Reparación de hernia paraumbilical y umbilical | Surgery to correct hernias near or at the navel |
| PEG tube placement / Colocación de sonda PEG | Insertion of a feeding tube into the stomach through the abdomen |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention / Intervención coronaria percutánea | Non-surgical procedure to open narrowed coronary arteries |
| Peripheral nerve block (lower limb) / Bloqueo nervioso periférico (extremidad inferior) | Anesthesia technique to numb lower limb nerves |
| Peripheral nerve block (upper limb) / Bloqueo nervioso periférico (extremidad superior) | Anesthesia technique to numb upper limb nerves |
| PET scan (Positron emission tomography) / Tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) | Imaging test showing metabolic activity of tissues |
| Pinnaplasty (adult) / Otoplastia (adulto) | Cosmetic surgery to reshape ears |
| Pinnaplasty (child) / Otoplastia (niño) | Ear reshaping surgery for children |
| Positron emission tomography (PET scan) / Tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) | See above PET scan |
| Posterior repair / Reparación posterior | Surgery to correct vaginal or pelvic floor prolapse |
| Preparing for surgery / Preparación para cirugía | Steps taken before surgery to ensure safety and success |
| Primary anti-reflux surgery (fundoplication) / Cirugía antirreflujo primaria (funduplicatura) | Surgery to prevent acid reflux by wrapping stomach |
| Ptosis surgery (adult) / Cirugía de ptosis (adulto) | Surgery to correct drooping eyelid |
| Punch Biopsy of a Skin Lesion / Biopsia por sacabocado de lesión cutánea | Removing a small skin sample for diagnosis |
| Pyloromyotomy / Piloromiotomía | Surgery to widen the opening from the stomach to the small intestine |
| Radio-frequency endometrial ablation / Ablación endometrial por radiofrecuencia | Using heat energy to destroy uterine lining to treat bleeding |
| Removing benign skin lesions / Eliminación de lesiones cutáneas benignas | Surgical removal of non-cancerous skin growths |
| Removing metalwork / Retiro de material metálico | Surgical removal of metal implants like plates or screws |
| Removing permanent teeth (child) / Extracción de dientes permanentes (niño) | Removal of adult teeth in children when necessary |
| Retinal detachment surgery / Cirugía de desprendimiento de retina | Procedure to repair a detached retina and prevent vision loss |
| Reversal of Hartmann's Procedure / Reversión del procedimiento de Hartmann | Surgery to restore bowel continuity after colostomy |
| Reversing a vasectomy / Reversión de vasectomía | Surgery to restore fertility after vasectomy |
| Revision total hip replacement / Revisión de prótesis total de cadera | Surgery to replace or repair a failed hip implant |
| Revision total knee replacement / Revisión de prótesis total de rodilla | Surgery to replace or repair a failed knee implant |
| Revision total shoulder replacement / Revisión de prótesis total de hombro | Surgery to replace or repair a failed shoulder implant |
| Rhinoplasty / Rinoplastia | Cosmetic or reconstructive surgery of the nose |
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