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A&P 1. Bones
Anatomy of bones
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Femur (thigh) | Is the longest and strongest bone in the body. At its proximal end ( head of the femur), it forms a ball and socket joint with the hip bone. Two condyles at the distal end form the knee joint with the lower leg bones |
| Patella ( knee) | It is a sesamoid bone that connects with the upper and lower leg bone through muscles and ligaments. |
| Tibia | Is the longer and thicker of the two bones, located medially in the lower leg. The weight bearing bone articulates with the femur at its superior end and the tarsals at its inferior end |
| Fibula | Located laterally, it articulates with the tibia but does not bear any of the body's weight directly. It serves as an essential point of attachment for various leg muscles. At its inferior end, it articulates with the tarsal bone s |
| Tarsals | The group of 7 bones in each foot is the corresponding part of the carpal bones in hand. These bones allow minor adjustments to the foot position when we stand or walk. Here are the names of the tarsals. |
| 1. Calcaneus (heel bone) | The calcaneus is the largest bone in the foot. It's located at the back of the foot , forming the heel part of the ankle joint. The calcaneus plays a crucial role in weight bearing and stability during walking and standing |
| 2. Talus | The most superior tarsal bone, forming the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula |
| 3. Navicular | Located between the talus and the cuneiform bones, |
| 4. Cuboid | Situated on the lateral side of the foot, articulating with the calcaneus and the fourth and fifth metatarsals |
| 5. Medial Cuneiforms | The most medial of the three cuneiform bones, located in front of the navicular |
| 6 Intermediate | The middle cuneiform, located between the medial and lateral cuneiform |
| 7. Lateral Cuneiform | The most lateral of the three cuneiforms |