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Terrorism
International Politics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is Kydd and Walter’s definition of terrorism? | Terrorism uses violence to send a strong message, showing power and trying to change how people see things by causing harm or fear |
| Weapon of teh weak | terriost tatics used by weaker groups against stronger groups to create and event that is memorable (take extrme action rivial will listen) --> hard for weak actors to make credible threats so has to be public |
| Costly Signaling | violence signals what group is capable and what they can do (show commitment to the cause |
| Political Strats | target civilians to create psychological effect (terror) |
| Political Goals exmaples | Regime change, territotrial change, Policy Change, Social control (KKK), Status quo maintence |
| Strategic uses of terrorism meant too | signal an auidence (state, distance nation, etc) that the group has power, can achieve it, willing to do it |
| Attrition | gradually reducing the strength or effectiveness of someone or something through sustained attack or pressure. WEAR THEM DOWN |
| spoiling | persuade enemy that there is no other negotiating partner |
| Intimidation | persuade own pop that groups control cant be challenged |
| provocation | persuade own pop that groups enemy is enemy of your pop |
| outbidding | persuade own pop that group is only viable authority/ protector |
| Mueller and Stewart opinion on 9/11 response | suggest way to reduce influence of terrorist groups is too make ppl less afraid of terrorism as american are way more afraid of being terrorized then the actual likelihood that it will occur (spend lots of money on it) |
| Why have leaders in the US not focused more on mitigating public fear? | ppl use fear to get elected and risky and difficult to convince pp they shouldn't be afraid (like imagine something does happen and you are saying this) |
| If terrorism functions as a form of “costly signaling”, how can counterterrorism strategy intervene in that signaling? | terrorism is for an audience, so sucessful counter has been to acknowledge those groups have legit reasons and demands but delegitimize the use of terrorism (get rid of hard core terroist and bring in actors who are not terrorist) focus political agenda |
| Countering Terrorism : Deterrence | assume transnat terrorist group that supports groups will not attack a state with the ability to retaliate THREATEN MASSIVE RETALIATION |
| Countering Terrorism : Preemption | disrupt attacks and the group that carry them out, go after groups before they attack (War in Afgan - expensive) |
| Countering Terrorism : Defensive Measures | make more difficult for them to attack you, raise costs of an attack |
| Countering Terrorism : Criminalization | prosecute the leader instead of using war techniques (opp of US with al queada) need internat coperation |
| Countering Terrorism : Negotiation and Compromise | legit some of the demands but not use of terrorist tactics |
| State Terrorism | State also terrorise civilian pops as tactic of war rarely described as terrorist |
| State terrorism: morale bombing | target the enemy civilian pop to make govt surrender (US bombing strat in ww2) |
| State terrorism: counter insurgency or draining the swamp | targest the broader enviroment of an enemy (US use of napalm in Vietnam) |
Created by:
katelyn27
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