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CCMA M8: Phlebotomy

CCMA Module 8: Phlebotomy general terms

Laboratory requisition form includes: Ordering provider's name & contacts Test & Test code Diagnosis code (ICD-10) Special specimen requirements i.e. fasting Patient demographics Insurance/billing info
Phlebotomy Supplies Alcohol wipes, gauze, adhesive bandages (wrap), biohazard sharps container, PPE (including disposable gloves), tourniquet, collection tubes, needle system
Lumen Hollow space inside the needle AKA gauge.
Bevel Shaft at the end of the needle that creates the point.
Which hand should the needle be held in for venipuncture? Dominant hand
Where should the supply tray be during venipuncture? Opposite of the dominant hand (on the nondominant side)
What is blood composed of? Plasma, RBCs, WBCs, platelets
Plasma makes up ____% of blood 55%
RBCs (Erythrocytes) make up ____% of blood 45%
WBCs and platelets make up ____% of blood <1%
Serum Liquid portion of the blood obtained after a serum sample tube has clotted and centrifuged. Does NOT contain clotting factors.
Plasma Liquid portion of blood obtained after centrifuging. Contains clotting factors.
Clotted blood Blood is drawn in a tube that does not contain an anticoagulant.
Whole blood Obtained when a tube is used with an anticoagulant.
Blood tubes should be_______ Filled completely, some tubes will have a minimum fill indicator line (i.e. light blue).
What vein is preferred for venipuncture? Median cubital vein (within the antecubital space)
What are alternative veins for venipuncture? Cephalic vein (radius side), basilic vein (ulna side) These veins are found on either side of the median cubital vein.
What are alternative places for venipuncture? Back of the hand, wrist, and foot (venipuncture of the foot should only be done under provider supervision
Tourniquets should be applied 3-4 inches above the draw site
A tourniquet should not be left on for___________ longer than 1 minute (may cause hemoconcentration if left in place longer than 1 minute)
Site restrictions Certain medical conditions require specific blood draw procedures, i.e. fistulas, ports, or mastectomy.
After cleansing with an antiseptic wipe, the venipuncture site must______________ be left to air dry. Tourniquet must be reapplied after site is dry.
Anchoring veins Grasp the skin 2-3 inches below puncture site
Needle angle The needle must be inserted at a 15-30 degree angle with the bevel facing upward.
Capillary punctures Performed only when a small amount of blood is needed for testing, or for immediate results.
Capillary puncture supplies Gloves, automatic retractable lancet, disinfectant pads (70% isopropyl alcohol), clean gauze pads. bandage, appropriate blood collection device, capillary tube sealer, biohazard sharps container
Capillary puncture blood collection devices Micropipette, small glass tube (capillary tube), micro-collection devices, glucometer and testing strip, screen card or paper, plastic cartridge, or cassette
Capillary puncture site: Adults Preferred puncture site is the middle or ring finger of the nondominant hand.
Capillary puncture site: Infants Performed on the outer edge of the underside of the heel.
First drop of blood is wiped away during a capillary puncture unless ________________ performing a prothrombin time (PT) test
Bandaging procedures Bandaging must be left in place for a minimum of 15 minutes.
Created by: Tea Lad
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