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MAS 200
Ch.17 Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the endocrine system made of? | consists of a group of glands that secrete substances directly into the blood stream. |
| What is the structure of endocrine glands? | Ductless, secretes into cap. & circulatory |
| List the 9 groups of glands: | Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, Adrenals, Ovaries, Testes, Thymus, Pineal body |
| Name the 6 hormones in the anterior lobe: | Growth Hormone (GH) Thyrotropin (TSH) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH) Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone(MSH) Prolactin(PR) Follicle-Stimulating Hormone(FSH) |
| What hormones are produced from the Thyroid Gland? | Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine,Calcitonin |
| Define Hypothyroidism & the Symp: | Thyroid lvl is below N; Symp: feels cold & fatigued, low pulse, abN temp, overwt to decreased metabolism |
| Define Hyperthyroidism & the symp: | Thyroid lvl above N; Symp: > ambitious, restless, irritable, above N HR & systolic |
| What substance is used to create thyroid hormones? | Iodine |
| List the symptoms of Hypothyroidism: | Thinning hair/hair loss Enlarged thyroid Dry & coarse skin, poor appetite Constipation, infertility, heavy periods Cool extremities & swelling of the limbs |
| What is the function of the Adrenal glands? | Causes an ⬆️ in HR,BP,& blood flow Causes a ⬇️ in intestinal activity |
| What hormones are produced form the adrenal glands? | Adrenaline, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Mineralcorticoids, Glucocorticoids |
| What is the function of the pancreas? | Produces insulin from secretion of B cells in the islets of Langerhans |
| Define Glycosuria: | Excess glucose becomes excreted in the urine |
| What are 3 main disorders of the pancreas? | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes |
| What is the structure and location of the Thymus Gland? | 2 lobed structure under the sternum |
| What does the thymus gland produce? | Peptides involved in T-cell maturation |
| What is the fxn, location, & structure of the Pineal body? | Reg. circadian rhythms, lvls are highest in dark; lowest in light, produces melatonin, attached to the third ventricle in the brain, small mass of tissue |
| What 2 hormones does the ovaries secrete? | Estrogen & Progesterone |
| What hormone does the Testes secrete? | Testosterone |
| List the different diagnostic exams for the endocrine system: | Blood sugar, (T3,T4, TSH), HCG, Glucose tolerance, A1C |
| What does the blood sugar measure? | Assess the fxn of the pancreas including insulin effects |
| What does T3,TSH,T4 measure? | Measures the lvl of thyroid hormones |
| What does the HCG pregnancy test, test for? | Measures the presence of a hormone secreted by the placental cells |
| What does the Glucose tolerance measure? | The body's ability to process a large dose of glucose |
| What does the A1C measure? | How well the glucose lvl has been controlled over the previous 4-6weeks. |
| What specific tests are done to confirm the diagnosis? | ACTH, FSH, GH, LH, TSH, Cortisol, PTH, Prolactin, Estrogen, Testosterone |
| what does the Radioactive Iodine Uptake test measure? | the amt of the o.g dose that is present in the gland. Thyroid fxn is determined by the glands ability to absorb & retain iodine |
| What does the thyroid scan measure? | checks for a large mass/nodule size, position, & uniformity |
| What happens to the endocrine system as we age? | Hormone lvl ⬆️, causes an ⬆️ in risk of stroke & ❤️ disease, dietary guidelines can help with reg. of certain diseases r/t hormone issues |
Created by:
MACC2025
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