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MAS 124
Ch.45 Cardiology Procedures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the 4 main things an ECG is performed to do: | 1. Detect damage form previous heart attacks, 2. Detect enlargement of heart muscle, 3. Detect disturbances in rhythm & other abN conditions, 4. Determine a cardiac baseline |
| True or false ECG's are noninvasive, painless, & safe? | True |
| What is the function of a P wave? | Atrial Depolarization: (Contraction --> Systole) |
| What is the function of the QRS complex? | Ventricle Depolarization: (Contraction--> Systole) |
| What is the function of the T wave? | Ventricular Repolarization: (Recovery --> Diastole) |
| What is a U wave? | It occurs in some patients |
| Briefly explain the ECG process: | 1.Place electrodes on pt limbs & chest, 2. Electrical impulses transmit through wires to electrodes, 3. Amplifier on ECG machine enlarges the pulses, 4. Non-digital ECG stylus imprints activity on ECG paper, 5. Provider then interprets ECG |
| How does the provider interpret the ECG? | Through measurement, rate, rhythm, duration of waves, intervals, & segments |
| Explain the different types of leads: | Lead l records electrical voltage diff. between RA & LA, Lead ll records difference between RA & LL, Lead lll records voltage difference between LA & LL |
| Describe Einthoven's Triangle: | aVR |
| How do you prepare an ECG? | Ensure no electrical interference/ metal is near the pt, explain the procedure to the pt & advise that movement can interfere, if pt is hairy shave the area, any substance on the since should be removed with an ETOH wipe |
| Identify the 4 different artifacts: | Somatic Tremor, Interrupted baseline, Alternating Current(AC), Wandering Baseline |
| Define a Somatic tremor: | Shivering from nervousness/cold/ pts w/ conditions; Parkinson's |
| Define an Interrupted baseline: | Caused by electrodes becoming separated from the wire |
| Define an Alternating Current (AC): | Caused by electrical activity |
| Define a Wandering Baseline: | Caused by improperly placed electrodes/ uncleaned skin |
| What is a 1st degree block? | A delay at the AV node before impulse is transmitted to ventricles |
| What is a 2nd degree block? | Occurs in cycles of delayed impulses until the SA node fails to conduct to Av node then returns to normal. Or By a pattern if only every 2nd, 3rd/4th impulse being conducted to the ventricles |
| What is a 3rd degree block? | (Complete block) No impulse is carried over from pacemaker; results in decrease in cardiac output |
| What is a Exercise (Cardiac) stress test used for? | It used for pt's at high risk for developing heart disease |
| What should you advise a pt before they do a cardiac stress test? | Do not eat, smoke, drink beverages containing caffeine/ETOH for 3hrs > |
Created by:
MACC2025
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