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Fluid Imbalances
CH 5 EXAM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hypovolemia | Signs and Symptoms Tachycardia Thready pulse Tachypnea Hypoxia Dizziness Syncope Dry mucous membranes Thirst N/V Anorexia Oliguria Diaphoresis Diminished capillary refill Orthostatic hypotension |
| Hypervolemia | Signs and Symptoms Hypertension Weight gain Ascites Dyspnea Crackles Edema Distended neck veins |
| Right Sided Heart Failure | Signs and Symptoms: Fatigue, Increased peripheral venous pressure, ascites, enlarged liver and spleen, distended jugular veins, anorexia and complaints of GI Distress, weight gain, dependent edema. |
| Hyperkalemia (more than 5.0) | S&S: muscle weakness, cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and GI upset. Everything is tight and constricted. |
| Hypokalemia (less than 3.5) | S&S: muscle weakness, respiratory depression, lethargy, thready pulse, confusion. Everything is low and slow. (K+ with cardiac) |
| Hypercalcemia (Greater than 10.5) | S&S: anorexia, n&v, lethargy, diminished reflexes, confusion, constipation, QT shortening. (Swollen and slow) |
| Hypocalcemia (Less than 9.0) | S&S: numbness & tingling, Chvostek's sign, hyperactive reflexes, muscle twitching/cramping, seizures, QT prolongation, Trousseau Sign, bradycardia |
| Hypermagnesemia (More than 2.1) | S&S: lethargy, hypoactive deep tendon reflexes, bradycardia, hypotension, flushing, decreased rate and depth of respirations. (all organs will be calm and quiet) |
| Hypomagnesemia (less than 1.3) | S&S: Chvostek's sign, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, muscle cramps, twitching, grimacing, dysphagia, tetany, insomnia, seizures, tachycardia, hypertension |
| Hypernatremia (more than 145) | S&S: lethargy, irritability, confusion, muscle weakness, seizures, fever, flushed skin, oliguria (lo urine output). (big and bloated) |
| Hyponatremia (less than 135) | S&S: lethargy, diminished tendon reflexes, abdominal cramping, orthostatic hypotension, muscle spasms, confusion, seizures, nausea and vomiting. (depressed and deflated) |
| Infiltration | (of IV) - coolness, paleness, edema (dislodged from vein) |
| Extravasation | (of IV) - coolness, paleness, edema (damage tissue) |
| Phlebitis | (of IV) - heat, erythema, tenderness (inflammation) |
Created by:
MaeCunningham
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