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Medical Terminology
Final Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adip/o | Fat |
| Bronchiol/o | Bronchiole |
| Aden/o | Gland |
| hepat/o | Liver |
| pneumat/o | Lung or Air |
| A- | Not |
| -algia | Pain |
| AD | Right Ear |
| Bronchiol/o | Bronchiol/o is a medical term that refers to bronchiole. Bronchioles are smaller branches of the bronchial airways that transport air to small sacs in your lungs called alveoli. |
| Hyster/o | Uterus |
| Presby/o | Old age |
| Anti- | Against |
| -Cele | Hernia |
| AU | Both ears |
| Irid/o | Iris |
| Proct/o | Rectum and anus |
| dys- | Bad |
| -Centensis | Puncture |
| BID | Twice a day |
| Balan/o | Penis |
| Pysch/o | Mind, mental, or psychological |
| Jejun/o | Jejunum : middle portion of the small intestine. The jejunum is responsible for absorbing sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids. |
| Eu- | Good |
| -clasia | Breaking |
| BS | Blood Sugar |
| Ather/o | Plaque, Fatty Substance |
| Kal/o | Potassium |
| Pulmon/o | Lung |
| hyper- | Over |
| -cyte | Cell |
| CABG | Coronary artery bypass grafting |
| Arthr/o | Joint |
| Kerat/o | Hard/Horny |
| Pyel/o | Renal pelvis |
| Hypo- | Under |
| -desis | Binding Fixation |
| ENT | Ear, Nose and Throat |
| Adren/o | Adrenal Gland |
| Lacrim/o | Tear |
| Ren/o | Kidney |
| Pan- | All |
| -dynia | Pain |
| FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar |
| Carcin/o | Cancer or malignancy |
| lact/o | Milk |
| Reticul/o | Reticul/o is a medical term prefix that means network or net-like structure. The term comes from the Latin word "reticulum", |
| Par- | Departure from the normal |
| -ectomy | Surgical Removal |
| IVC | Inferior Vena Cava- Large vein that carries oxygen-depleted blood from the torso and lower body to the right side of the heart |
| Bronch/o | “bronchus (bronchial tube) |
| Lapra/o | Abdominal wall |
| Retin/o | Retina |
| Poly- | Many |
| -emesis | Vomiting |
| LASIK | Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis - Surgery to correct refractive errors in the eye |
| Abdomin/o | Abdomen |
| Laryng/o | Larynx - Voice box |
| Rhin/o | Nose |
| -emia | Blood Condition |
| N&V | Nausea and Vomiting |
| Cardi/o | Heart |
| Leuk/o | White |
| Salpin/o | Uterine or Fallopian Tube |
| -gram | Written Record |
| OS | Left Eye-Oculus sinister |
| OU | Both Eyes-Oculus Uterque |
| PKD | Polycystic kidney disease? |
| Chole/o | Bile |
| Lip/o | Fat |
| Sigmoid/o | Sigmoid colon, which is the last part of the large intestine connecting to the rectum. |
| -ia | Condition |
| Chondr/o | Cartilage |
| Lith/o | Stone |
| -ia | |
| Chole/o | Bile |
| Splen/o | Spleen |
| -iasis | Presence of |
| Coagul/o | Clotting |
| Lob/o | Lob/o |
| Steat/o | Fat |
| -ic | Pertaining to |
| SVC | Superior Vena Cava- Large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the heart |
| Colon/o | Large Intestine |
| Lumb/o | Lumbar |
| Stomat/o | Mouth |
| -ism | Condition |
| TIA | Transient ischemic attack- Temporary Blockage of flow to the brain |
| Colp/o | Vagina |
| Lymph/o | Lymph |
| Tars/o | Ankle |
| -itis | Inflammation |
| TID | Three Times A Day |
| Conjuctiv/o | conjunctiva |
| Mamm/o | Breast |
| Thorac/o | Chest |
| -logist | Specialist in the study of |
| UTI | Urinary Tract Infection |
| cost/o | Rib |
| Mast/o | Breast |
| Thromb/o | Blood clot |
| -logy | Study of |
| VA | Visual Acuity- Test of the sharpness of vision |
| Crani/o | Skull or Cranium |
| Melan/o | Black |
| Tonsill/o | Tonsil |
| -lysis | Loosen, Break down |
| Cyan/o | Blue |
| Mening/o | Meninges; Membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord |
| Trache/o | Trachea |
| -malacia | Abnormal Softening |
| Cycl/o | ciliary body of the eye |
| My/o | Muscle |
| Metr/o | Uterus |
| Troph/o | Nourishment Development |
| -megaly | Enlargment |
| Cyst/o | Bladder, sac, or cyst |
| Ungu/o | Nail |
| -oma | Tumor |
| Cyt/o | Cell |
| Myel/o | Bone Marrow, Spinal cord |
| Ven/o | Vein |
| -opia | Visual disorders; Specifically Vision |
| Dacr/o | Tears |
| Myring/o | The tympanic membrane (eardrum). |
| Vesic/o | Urinary Bladder |
| -osis | Condition |
| Dactyl/o | Finger or toe; Phalanges |
| Nas/o | Nose |
| Xanth/o | Yellow |
| -pathy | Disease |
| Dermat/o | Skin |
| Natr/o | Sodium |
| -penia | Deficiency |
| Dips/o | Thirst |
| Nephr/o | Kidney |
| -plasty | Reconstruction |
| Dur/o | Kidney |
| Neur/o | Nerves |
| -plegia | Plegia is a medical term that refers to the complete paralysis of one or more muscles |
| ellipt/o | Oval shaped |
| Norm/o | Normal |
| -poiesis | Formation |
| Embol/o | Plug |
| Odont/o | Teeth |
| -ptosis | Drooping |
| enter/o | Small Intestine |
| Olig/o | Few |
| -rrhaphy | Surgical Suturing |
| Episi/o | Vulva |
| Oncyh/o | Nail |
| -rrhea | Flow |
| erythr/o | Red |
| oophor/o | Ovary |
| -rrhexis | Rupture |
| Fasci/o | Fascia |
| -Sarcoma | Cancer |
| Femor/o | Femur |
| Oste/o | Bone |
| ot/o | Ear |
| -sclerosis | Hardening |
| Gangli/o | Ganglion |
| pachy/o | Thick |
| -scope | Instrument used to look |
| Gastr/o | Stomach |
| Palat/o | Palate- Roof of mouth |
| -scopy | Process of looking |
| Glomerul/o | Glomerulus- Part of kidney responsible for filtering excess fluid and waste from blood |
| Path/o | Suffering/Disease |
| -Spasm | Involuntary Contraction |
| Gluc/o | Glucose |
| Peritone/o | peritoneum. The peritoneum is a membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity and surrounds and protects the abdominal organs. |
| -stenosis | abnormal narrowing or contraction of a body passage or opening. |
| Glucos/o | Glucose |
| Phag/o | Eat |
| -stomy | Creation of an opening |
| Glyc/o | Sugar |
| Pharmac/o | Drug or medicine |
| -thorax | Chest |
| Gonad/o | Sex glands in males and female |
| Pharyng/o | Pharynx |
| -tomy | Incision |
| Gyn/o | Women |
| Phleb/o | Vein |
| -tripsy | Crushing |
| Gynec/o | Women |
| Phren/o | Diaphram |
| -trophic | Growth Development |
| Hem/o | Blood |
| Pil/o | Hair |
| -uria | Presence in Urine |
| Hemat/o | Blood |
| Pneum/o | Lung |
| adrenal insufficiency | Disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands don’t make enough of certain hormones. |
| antibody | Antibody: An immunoglobulin, a specialized immune protein, produced because of the introduction of an antigen into the body, and which possesses the remarkable ability to combine with the very antigen that triggered its production. |
| anticoagulant | Anticoagulants, commonly known as blood thinners, are medications that prevent or reduce blood clotting. |
| Antigen | An antigen is a marker that tells your immune system whether something in your body is harmful or not. |
| Ascities | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. |
| Bulla | Large fluid-filled blisters |
| Catatonia | Catatonia is a disorder that disrupts a person’s awareness of the world around them. People with this condition sometimes react very little or not at all to their surroundings, or might behave in ways that are unusual or unexpected |
| Chambers of the heart? what are they and where are they? | There are two upper chambers, the right atrium and the left atrium. There are also two lower chambers, the right ventricle and the left ventricle. The right and left sides of the heart are separated by the septum, a wall of tissue in the middle of heart. |
| Coronal Plane | Plane that separates the front and back of body: Anterior and posterior |
| Dementia | Dementia is a loss of cognitive functioning that interferes with a person's daily life and activities. |
| diabetes mellitus | Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism diabetes mellitus, disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by impaired ability of the body to produce or respond to insulin and thereby maintain proper levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. |
| diabetic ketoacidosis | When body doesn't have enough insulin, creates energy by letting blood sugar,. Instead, your body starts to break down fat for energy, causing ketones to develop in your blood. too many ketones at once makes your blood too acidic, which is ketoacidosis. |
| dyslexia | Dyslexia is a learning disorder that involves difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words (decoding). |
| ecchymosis | Bruise |
| Enuresis | Involuntary urination |
| Hematocrit | A hematocrit (he-MAT-uh-krit) test measures the proportion of red blood cells in the blood. |
| Hemmorrhage | Hemorrhage is the medical term for any type of bleeding. |
| Hemostatic | An agent that checks bleeding, especially one that shortens the clotting time of blood |
| Idiopathic | Idiopathic refers to a disease that has no known cause or mechanism of apparent spontaneous origin. |
| incontinence | Loss of bladder control |
| Lateral | Lateral refers to the side of the body or a body part that is farther from the middle or center of the body. |
| Macule | Freckle; Flat, nonpalpable lesion A macule is a flat, nonpalpable lesion that represents a change in color and is not raised or depressed |
| Medial | Toward the middle |
| Menarche | First menstrual period |
| Nystagmus | Rapid, uncontrollable eye movements |
| Occlusion | The closing or obstruction of a hollow organ or part |
| Papule | papules are raised skin lesions. |
| Petechia | Small red or purple spot |
| Prone | Lying face down |
| Reflux | Reversal of normal flow in fluid |
| Sagittal Plane | A plane that divides the body into right and left sections. |
| Sphygmomanometer | Instrument used to measure blood pressure |
| splenectopy | Surgical removal of the spleen |
| Strokes? Types? | The two main types of stroke are ischemic and hemorrhagic. An ischemic stroke involves a blockage in a blood vessel, while a hemorrhagic stroke results from bleeding in or around the brain. |
| Supine | Lying face up |
| Thelarche | Onset of developing breasts |
| Thrombolytic | Clot busting drugs |
| Thrombus | Blood clot |
| Transverse Plane | The transverse plane, also known as the axial plane, is an imaginary plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts. |
| Vesicle | A small bladder or sac containing liquid. |
| General Anesthesia | General anesthesia is a combination of medications that put you in a sleep-like state before a surgery or other medical procedure. It is the induction of a state of unconsciousness with the absence of pain sensation over the entire body |
| Topical Anesthesia | temporary numbness caused by applying a substance directly to a surface of the body |
| Regional Anesthesia | Regional anesthesia is a type of pain management used for surgery that numbs a large part of the body, such as from the waist down. |
| Local Anesthesia | Local anesthesia is a technique that numbs a specific part of the body, |
| -Ectasia | Dialation |
| Pleur/o | Pluera- Membrane that surrounds the lungs |
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