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HIST 2320 Exam I
Texas State / Fall '10 / Mann
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| EXPLORATION MOTIVES | SPICE TRADE |
| SPICE TRADE | FILLED NICHE FOR HIGHLY DESIRABLE SPICES USED IN FOOD FLAVORING AND PRESERVATION. HELLENISTIC/ROMAN ORIGIN. <STABILITY> OF THESE EMPIRES LED TO WIDESPREAD INTERACTION. |
| DARK AGES | |
| ISLAM IN THE MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA | <HEAVY> INFLUENCE IN SE ASIA AND INDONESIA. |
| MARCO POLO | 1292 FASCINATING TRAVEL TALES |
| BYZANTINE EMPIRE | FELL IN 1593??? |
| CRUSADE LEGACY | LEFT AN ISLAMIC GRUDGE |
| CONSTANTINOPLE | FELL IN 1453 |
| WATTLE AND DOB HOUSES | COMMON IN EUROPE IN THE DARK AGES. CONSTRUCTED W/ WILLOW & GREEN LATTICE WORK & BINDING AGENT; MUD, WATER, STRAW, POOP. |
| EUROPEAN COMMON FOLK IN THE DARK AGES | LIVED IN WATTLE/DOB HOUSES, BATHING ALMOST NON-EXISTENT, SICKNESS RIDDEN. |
| GUNPOWDER | INVENTED IN CHINA, WEAPONIZED BY EUROPEANS, KEY TO EUROPEAN DOMINATION. |
| FAILED EXPANSIONS FROM EUROPE (2) | VIKINGS - ICELAND, GREENLAND, N.A.; CRUSADES - JERUSALEM, CRUSADER STATES. CRUSADERS RTND HOME TO FARM. |
| MONGOL CONQUESTS | EMERGED FROM CHINA ON "RAMPAGE." BRIEFLY RE-OPENED TRADE. TRADE OF VITAL IMPORTANCE. STABILITY KEY TO BROAD EMPIRE. SHORT-LIVED! |
| OTTOMAN RISE WAS BLOCKED BY... | MONGOL COLLAPSE. MONGOLS ALSO BROUGHT PLAGUE. |
| RENAISSANCE | AIDED EUROPEAN EXPANSION IN THE 1400s & 1500s. |
| 100 YEARS WAR | PRECLUDED EUROPEAN EXPANSION |
| HAPSBURGS | INTERMARRIAGES |
| HENRY VII | r. 1485 - 1509 IN ENGLAND. TEMPORARILY STABILIZED ENGLAND. DIED EARLY FROM DYSENTERY. |
| WARS OF THE ROSES | ? |
| EARL OF RICHMOND | ? |
| LOUIS XI | r. 1461-1483 IN FRANCE. TAXED THE PEASANTRY AT WILL. BRIEF STABILITY FOR REGION. |
| FERDINAND & ISABELLA | m. 1474 - 1516; UNION BROUGHT TEMP STABILITY TO SPAIN. |
| AGE OF EXPLORATION | TEMP STABILITY ALLOWED ITS BIRTH. |
| MOTIVES FOR AGE OF EXPLORATION | ECONOMIC, POLITICAL (GOD, GOLD, AND GLORY), CRUSADING MENTALITY |
| ECONOMIC MOTIVE FOR AGE OF EXPLORATION | FOREIGN PRODUCTS WERE OUTRAGEOUSLY EXPENSIVE WHEN THEY WERE SOLD IN EUROPE. MULTIPLE INTERMEDIARIES ATTRIBUTED TO THIS INFLATED COST. GOVERNMENTS WERE EAGER TO BYPASS THE OTTOMANS. |
| GOD & KINGDOM / GOD, GOLD, & GLORY, CRUSADING MENTALITY | "TO BRING LIGHT TO THOSE WHO WERE IN DARKNESS. "ALL FAITHS AT FAULT" DURING THIS TIME. IBERIAN KINGDOMS (SPAIN/POR) ESP. FELT IT WAS THEIR DUTY TO CONVERT PPL. THE SPIRITUAL AND SECULAR WERE INTERTWINED. |
| PHILLIP II | SPAIN. WANTED TO FIGHT SCOURGE OF RELIGIOUS OPPOSITION (???) |
| CARTOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT DURING THE AGE OF EXPLORATION | MAPS IMPROVING; INCLUDED COASTAL FEATURES. |
| NAVIGATIONAL TOOL DEVELOPMENT DURING THE AGE OF EXPLORATION | ASTROLABE (CALCULATED LATITUDE), QUADRANT, IMPROVED RIGGING AND TRIANGULAR SAILS MADE SAILORS MORE CONFIDANT & THEIR SHIPS MORE MANEUVERABLE. SHIPS BECAME HIGHLY FORTIFIED W/ LARGE CANNONS AND GUNPOWDER. INCREASED KNOWLEDGE OF WIND/TIDE/CURRENT PATTERNS. |
| LIMIES | TERM FOR THE ENGLISH, B/C LIMES WERE GROWN AT NAVAL PORTS TO PREVENT THE DREADED SCURVY. |
| PORTUGUESE EXPLORATION GOAL | TO FIND QUICK SPICE ROUTE TO S/SE ASIA. |
| PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR | FOUNDS SCHOOL IN 1419, AND PROBES AFRICAN COAST W/ SEA FLEET. |
| ______ JOHN | SUPPOSED LEADER OF FABLED CHRISTIAN KINGDOM IN E. AFRICA; PRESUMABLY MODERN-DAY ETHIOPIA. |
| CHATTEL SLAVERY | BEGUN BY PORTUGESE. BY 1450, 1000 WERE IMPORTED TO LISBON, ANNUALLY. FORTS/LAND LEASES EST. ALONG AFRICAN COAST IN 1470. THE PORTUGESE CREATED BUSINESS MODELS FOR SLAVE TRADE AND SUGAR CANE PRODUCTION. |
| SUGAR CANE | IMPORTED BY PORTUGESE FROM W. AFRICA AND AZORS |
| DIAZ, BARTHOLOMEW | SAILED TO CAPE OF GOOD HOPE IN 1488. |
| DE GAMA, VASCO | SAILED TO CALICUT, INDIA IN 1498. BROUGHT BACK GINGER, CINNAMON, AND PORCELAIN. EXTREME PROFIT!! |
| ADMIRAL DE ALBUQUERQUE | EST. HQ AT CALICUT; SET OUT TO DESTROY ARAIC SHIPPING INTEREST. DESTROYED THEM W/ MASSIVE FIREPOWER INNOVATIONS ABOARD HEAVILY FORTIFIED SHIPS. |
| RECONQUISTA | STILL BEING FOUGHT IN SPAIN DURING AGE OF EXPLORATION. |
| COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER | ASKED PORTUGESE FOR $$ IN 1484 TO EMBARK ON A "3,000 NAUTICAL MILE TRIP" TO CHINA. DENIED BY THEM, BUT SUPPORTED INSTEAD BY SPAIN. OCT 12 LANDED IN BAHAMAS, ASSUMED THEY WERE THE INDIES. |
| SPANISH INFLUENCE UPON AMERICAS DISCOVERY | EXERTED DIRECT ROYAL AUTHORITY AND IN RTN WERE SHOWN VAST ECO POTENTIAL OF "NEW WORLD." OFFICIALS AND PRIESTS WERE SENT TO "MANAGE THE AMERICAS" DAILY LIFE. |
| TREATY OF TORDESILLAS | SIGNED JUNE 7, 1494, ORCHESTRATED BY POPE ALEXANDER VI. LINE DIVIDED SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE EXPLORATION AND ECONOMIC INTERESTS. E=POR, W=SPAIN. |
| COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE | EUROPEANS BROUGHT LIVESTOCK (HORSES, COWS, PIGS, GOATS) AND DISEASE (SMALLPOX, MEASLES, CHICKENPOX. THEY LOST POPULATION, SKILLS, HISTORY, AND ORAL TRAD; & GAINED MAIZE, SQUASH, BEANS, POTATOES, TOBACCO, SUGAR CANE, RICE, COFFEE, SYPHILIS, & MALARIA. |
| CAUSE OF INFLATION IN SPAIN 1503-1650 | 35M LBS. OF SILVER & 400,000 LBS. OF GOLD EXPORTED TO SPAIN FROM 1503-1650. |
| FINAL IRONY OF COLUMBUS | ... |
| MAGELLAN |
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goldmeg89
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