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Unit 2 AP History wo
vocabulary words for Unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Astrolabe | an instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the position of the stars |
| Bills of Exchange | documents stating the holder was legally promised payment of a set amount on a set date |
| Caravans | groups of people traveling together for mutual protection, often with pack animals such as camels |
| Diaspora | settlements of people away from their homeland arising from trade |
| Genghis Khan | name meaning “ruler of all” given to Temujin when he was elected khan of Mongolian Kingdom; also spelled Chinggis Khan |
| Ghana Empire | first of the great medieval trading empires of western Africa known as the Land of Gold |
| Gobi Desert | a desert in central Asia where many invaders came in to attack China |
| Golden Horde | Batu’s army that pushed westward through Russia and then into Europe |
| Goryeo Dynasty | a medieval Korean kingdom that faced multiple Mongol invasions and ultimately became a vassal state under Mongol rule |
| Hangzhou | capital of the Song Dynasty |
| The Hanseatic League | a commercial alliance that formed between northern German cities and Scandinavia in the 13th century |
| Ibn Battuta | Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time |
| Indian Ocean Slave Trade | slaves from eastern Africa were sold in northern Africa, the Middle east, and India. This led to African customs spreading throughout these areas |
| Khanates | the four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose after the death of Genghis Khan |
| Kublai Khan | grandson of Genghis Khan that sought to conquer China and finally achieved it in 1271 and established the Yuan Dynasty |
| Lateen Sai | triangular shaped sail that could catch wind from many different directions |
| Magnetic Compass | navigation tool for determining direction that allowed ships to travel without following the coast |
| Malacca | a Muslim city-state that became wealthy by building a navy and collecting fees from ships that passed through the Strait of Malacca |
| Mali Empire | West African empire from 1235-1400 with trading cities Tibuktu and Gao |
| Mansa Musa | brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 to 1337; displayed Mali’s wealth during an extravagant pilgrimage to Mecca |
| Marco Polo | an Italian native who traveled to China in the late 13th century and wrote about travels |
| Mecca: | city in western Arabia that was the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad; ritual center of the Islamic religion and destination for pilgrimages |
| Ming Dynasty | Chinese dynasty from 1368-1644 founded by Zhu Yuanzhang after the overthrow of the Yuan Dynasty |
| Money Economy | using money rather than bartering with commodities like cowrie shells or salt |
| Monsoons | heavy winds that affected trade routes in the Indian Ocean |
| Pax Mongolica | the period of Mongolian peace between the 13th and 14th centuries |
| Soil Erosion: | overuse of farmland and deforestation reduced agricultural production in feudal Europe |
| Tumen: | a military unit consisting of approximately 10,000 soldiers, led by a commander known as a noyan, and formed the backbone of the Mongol military organization during their conquests |
| Uyghur Script | system of writing that Genghis Khan adopted for the Mongol Empire |
| White Locus Society | a secret society that began organizing to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty |
| Yuan Dynasty | established by Kublai Khan in 1271 and was tolerant towards various religious groups in China |
| Zhu Yuanzhang | Buddhist monk that led the revolt to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty and established the Ming Dynasty in 1368 |
Created by:
mwillson
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