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Rome Vocabulary
Empire and Republic of Rome
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Twelve Tables | Laws of Rome written on stone tables and placed in the center of towns/cities. |
| Consuls | Leaders of Rome (2) during the Republic chosen from Patricians in Senate |
| Patricians | Landowners of Rome, some were in the Senate, upper class called Aristocracy |
| plebeians | lower class, businessmen, merchants, made up the Assembly, |
| republic | Government where people have a say (vote) and choose representatives (indirect democracy) |
| Pax Romana | 200 year period of prosperity in Rome during the empire. Started with Augustus and ended with Marcus Aurelius. |
| Jesus | Jewish founder of Christianity. His birth, life and death marked the beginning of AD/CE. |
| aqueducts | Structures that carried fresh water into cities to relieve unhealthy urban areas. |
| coliseum | arena where gladiators fought and Christians were persecuted. Similar to modern sports arena. |
| Pantheon | Built as a temple for Roman gods, later became a Church and national landmark. Hole in the roof is architectural achievement. |
| forum | |
| Roman Roads | built with tight fitting blocks to make a smooth surface for fast trade and military mobilization. |
| Aenid | written by Virgil provides a History of Rome |
| public baths | built to remedy the unhealthy conditions of Roman cities. Similar to public swimming pools today. |
| Abraham | Jewish founder of Judaism |
| Ptolmey | Egyptian scientist who believed the earth was the center of the universe |
| Galen | Roman doctor, surgeon and philosopher who discovered arteries carry blood through the body. |
| Jupiter | Chief god of Rome ,Roman counterpart to Zeus |
| Juno | Goddess of women, Roman counterpart to Hera |
| Minerva | Goddess of wisdom, war. Roman counterpart to Athena |
| Venus | Goddess of beauty. Roman counterpart to Aprhodite. |
| Bible | Sacred text of Christian contains old and new testaments. |
| martyr | someone who does for what they believe |
| Paul | Jewish missionary who sought to convert non-Jews to Christianity |
| Edict of Milan | Issued by Constantine in 313 to legalize Christianity and stop persecution |
| Augustus Caesar/Octavian | defeated Antony and Cleopatra to become the First Emperor of Rome, began the Pax Romana, |
| Marcus Aurelius | emperor at the end of the Pax Romana. |
| Diocletian | Emperor of Rome that divided it into East and West. |
| Constantine | Co-Emperor with Diocletian who ruled in Byzantium and changed its name to Constantinople. |
| forum | government and business center of Roman Towns/cities. |