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chapter 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hereditary | it runs in the family |
| lethargic | a decrease in level of consciousness; in a medical record, this is generally an indication that the patient is really sick |
| noncontributory | not related to this specific problem |
| malaise | not feeling well |
| afebrile | to not have a fever |
| febrile | to have a fever |
| exacerbation | it is getting worse |
| chronic | it has been going on for a while now |
| acute | it just started recently or is a sharp severe symptom |
| progressive | more and more each day |
| proximal | closer in to the center |
| distal | farther away from the center |
| lateral | out to the side |
| medial | toward the middle |
| ventral / antral/ anterior | the front |
| dorsal/ posterior | the back |
| cranial | toward the top |
| caudal | toward the bottom |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| prone | lying down on belly |
| supine | lying down on back |
| contralateral | opposite side |
| ipsilateral | same side |
| unilateral | one side |
| bilateral | both sides |
| dorsum | the top of the hand or foot |
| plantar | the sole of the foot |
| Palmar | the palm of the hand |
| abrupt | all of a sudden |
| symptom | something a patient feels |
| alert | able to answer questions; responsive; interactive |
| oriented | being aware of who he or she is, where he or she is, and the current time |
| marked | it really stands out |
| unremarkable | another way of saying normal |
| auscultation | to listen |
| percussion | to hit something and listen to the resulting sound or feel for the resulting vibration; drums are a percussion instrument |
| palpation | to feel |
| impression | another way of saying assessment |
| diagnosis | what the health care professional thinks the patient has |
| differential diagnosis | a list of conditions the patient may have based on the symptoms exhibited and the results of the exam |
| benign | safe |
| malignant | dangerous; a problem |
| degeneration | to be getting worse |
| remission | to get better or improve; most often used when discussing cancer; remission does not mean cure |
| idiopathic | no known specific cause; it just happens |
| localized | stays in a certain part of the body |
| systemic/ generalized | all over the body (or most of it) |
| prognosis | the chances for things getting better or worse |
| occult | hidden |
| lesion | diseased tissue |
| recurrent | to have again |
| sequela | a problem resulting from a disease or injury |
| pending | waiting for |
| pathogen | the organism that causes the problem |
| morbidity | the risk for being sick |
| mortality | the risk for dying |
| etiology | the cause |
| disposition | what happened to the patient at the end of the visit |
| discharge | to send home or fluid coming out of a part of the body |
| palliative | treating the symptoms, but not actually getting rid of the cause |
| observation | watch, keep an eye on |
| reassurance | to tell the patient that the problem is not serious or dangerous |
| supportive care | to treat the symptoms and make the patient feel better |
| sterile | extremely clean, germ-free conditions; especially important during medical procedures and surgery |
| prophylaxis | preventive treatment |
| sagittal | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from right to left |
| coronal | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from front to back |
| transverse | divides the body from top to bottom |
| physician | a skilled health care provider who attended and graduated medical school there are two types who practice in America: medical doctor (MD) and doctor of osteopathy (DO) |
| pediatrician | a physician with special training in caring for children |
| surgeon | a physician qualified to treat patients surgically, that is, by means of operation or invasive procedure |
| anesthesiologist | a physician with special training in pain sedation and pain control |
| epidemiologist | a specialist in the study of the causes and distribution of diseases in populations and the use of this data to enhance public health |