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India and Rome
Vocab terms and definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Monsoon | A seasonal wind pattern in southern Asia that blows warm moist air from the southwest during the summer, bringing heavy rains and cold, dry air from the northeast during the winter |
| Sanskrit | The first writing system of the Aryans, developed around 1000 BC |
| Caste System | A set of rigid categories in ancient India that determined a person’s occupation and economic potential, as well as his or her position in society, based partly on skin color |
| Hinduism | The major Indian religious system, which had its origins in the religious beliefs of the Aryans who settled in India after 1500 BC |
| Buddhism | A religious doctrine introduced in Northern India sixth century BC by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, or the “Enlightened One” |
| Reincarnation | the rebirth of an individual's soul in a different form after death |
| Karma | in Hinduism, the force generated by a persons actions that determines how the person will be reborn in the next life |
| Dharma | in Hinduism, the divine law that rules karma; it requires all people to do their duty based on their status in society |
| Nirvana | in Buddhism, ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul |
| Vedas | the earliest known Indian literature, which contains religious chants and stories that were originally passed down orally from generation to generation and then recorded in Sanskrit after writing developed |
| Republic | A form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote |
| Plebeian | in the Roman Republic, a social class made up of minor landholders, craftspeople, merchants and small farmers |
| Patrician | a wealthy, powerful landowner |
| Consul | A chief executive officer in the Roman Republic |
| Inflation | A rapid increase in prices |
| Ahimsa | Non violence |
| Brahmins | The highest level of the caste system. Priests and teachers |
| Moksha | The release from the cycle of reincarnation. The goal of Hinduism |
| Untouchable | The lowest class in Ancient India. Outside the caste system. “Outcaste” |
| Enlightenment | The highest human state of consciousness. Being “All Knowing” |
| Middle Path | The practice of moderation in Buddhism |
| Four Noble Truths | The truths of life according to Buddhism |
| Ashoka’s Rock Edicts | Rules set forth by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka. Inspired by Buddhism |
| Gupta Empire | Dynasty ruling India from 320 CE to 550 CE. Considered a golden age |
| Imperialism | Establishing control over foreign lands and people |
| Caesar | Title taken by Roman Emperors |
| Province | Land outside the city of Rome that was controlled by the Roman government |
| Gaul | Region in Europe that is now France |
| Carthage | A powerful city state on the northern coast of Africa |
| Christianity | Monotheistic belief system based on the teachings of Jesus |
| Martyr | One who suffers and dies for their beliefs |
| Pope | Bishop of Rome, later the head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Legion | Roman military unit consisting of 5000 foot soldiers |
| Mercenary | Soldiers serving in a foreign army for pay |
| Aqueducts | Bridge |
| Latin | The language of ancient Rome. |
| Twelve Tables | The written legal code of Roman law. |
| Pax Romana | Period of great advancement and prosperity in the Roman Empire |
| Engineering | The application of science and mathematics to develop useful structures and machines |
Created by:
zboenig
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