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Unit 8
The Middle Ages
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was Charlemagne and why was he significant? | Charlemagne was the king of the Franks who united much of Europe and spread Christianity, becoming emperor in 800 AD. |
| What role did monasteries play during the Middle Ages? | Monasteries served as religious communities, centers of education, and helped spread Christianity. |
| What happened after Charlemagne's death? | His empire was divided among his grandsons, leading to a decline in central authority and the rise of feudalism. |
| Who were the Franks? | The Franks were a Germanic people who settled in Gaul (modern-day France) and established a powerful empire during the Middle Ages. |
| What was the significance of Charlemagne's coronation in 800 AD? | Charlemagne was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III, marking the union of Germanic power, the Church, and the Roman Empire's heritage. |
| What led to the decline of learning after the Germanic invasions? | Many Germanic tribes were illiterate and relied on oral traditions, causing the loss of Greek and Roman knowledge. |
| How did invasions contribute to the rise of feudalism? | Invasions by Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims created chaos, leading people to turn to local rulers for protection, which established feudal relationships. |
| What is the structure of the feudal pyramid? | The feudal pyramid consists of the monarch at the top, followed by nobles/lords, then knights, and lastly, serfs/peasants at the bottom. |
| What was the role of the manor in feudal society? | The manor was the lord's estate, serving as a self-sufficient community where peasants worked the land in exchange for protection and basic needs. |
| What roles did women play in feudal society? | Women had limited power but were essential in noble and peasant families, with noblewomen sometimes ruling land in their husbands' absence. |
| What type of literature was popular during the Age of Chivalry? | Literature often glorified knights and their lives, including songs, poems, and epics about legendary figures like Charlemagne and King Arthur. |
| What is chivalry? | Chivalry is a code of conduct for knights that emphasizes bravery, honesty, respect, loyalty, and compassion towards the weak and women. |
| How did a boy become a knight? | Becoming a knight involved a three-step process: starting as a Page at age 7, becoming a Squire at 14, and finally becoming a Knight at 21 after training. |
| What was the main role of knights in medieval society? | Knights served as the primary warriors for nobles, helping them fight for land and control. |
| Why was the Church the most powerful institution during the Middle Ages? | The Church was dominant because it preserved Greek and Roman knowledge and was the only group that could read and interpret the Bible. |
| How did the Church influence people's acceptance of their social status? | The Church taught that each person's position in life was God's will, leading people to accept their social status without question. |
| What were excommunication and interdiction? | Excommunication is when an individual is denied church access, while interdiction is when an entire kingdom is denied church services for challenging the Church. |
| How did kings and nobles try to control the Church? | Kings and nobles attempted to influence the Church by appointing church officials, a practice known as Lay Investiture. |
| How did Clovis contribute to the spread of Christianity? | Clovis united the Franks and converted to Christianity, gaining support from the Church for his military campaigns. |
| What was the significance of the Treaty of Verdun? | The Treaty of Verdun in 843 AD divided Charlemagne’s empire among his three grandsons, leading to the decline of central authority and the rise of feudalism. |
| What is a fief in the feudal system? | A fief is land granted by a landowner to a vassal in exchange for military protection and other services. |
| Who were the main invaders that attacked Western Europe from 800 to 1000 AD? | The main invaders were Vikings from the north, Magyars from the east, and Muslims from the south. |
| How did literature of the time portray knights? | How did literature of the time portray knights? |
| How did the Church influence social status in the Middle Ages? | The Church taught that people's social status was God's will, leading individuals to accept their positions without question. |
| What was lay investiture? | Lay investiture was when kings and nobles appointed church officials, attempting to control church affairs and influence its power. |
Created by:
lana12
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