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HumanGeoAPEagan
Human Geography AP Chapter 1 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| absolute location | the position or place of a certain item on the surface of the earth as expressed in digress, minutes, and seconds of latitude and longitude |
| accessibility | the degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certain location from other locations. |
| activity (action) space | the space within which daily activity occurs |
| cartography | The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design. Also concerned with interpretation of mapped patterns. |
| connectivity | The degree of direct linkages between one particular location and other locations in a transport network. |
| contagious diffusion | The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person. |
| cultural barrier | Prevailing cultural attitude rendering certain innovations, ideas, or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in a particular culture. |
| cultural diffusion | The expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area. |
| cultural ecology | The multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural environment. |
| cultural hearth | Heartland, source area, innovation center; place of origin of a major culture |
| cultural landscape | The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. The layers of buildings, forms, and artifacts sequentially imprinted on the landscape by the activities of various human occupants. |
| culture | The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society. |
| culture complex | A related set of cultural traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils. |
| culture trait | A single element of normal practice within a culture, such as the wearing of a turban |
| distance | measurement of the physical space between two places. |
| environmental determinism | The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development. Also referred to as environmentalism. |
| epidemic | regional outbreak of a disease |
| expansion diffusion | The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination. |
| fieldwork | The study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places |
| five themes | Location, human-environment, region, place, and movement. |
| formal region | A type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one or more phenomena, also called a uniform region or a homogeneous region |
| functional region | A region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it. |
| geocaching | A hunt for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are placed on the internet by other geocachers |
| geographic concept | ways of seeing the world spatially that are used by geographers in answering research questions |
| geographic information systems (GIS) | a collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. |
| globalization | the expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact. |
| global positioning system (GPS) | satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features |
| hierarchical diffusion | a form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples. |
| human-environment | the second theme of geography; reciprocal relationship between humans and environment |
| human geography | one of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of human populations, its cultures, activities, and landscapes |
| independent invention | the term for a trait with many cultural hearts, which developed independently of each other |
| isotherm | Line on a map connecting points of equal temperature values |
| landscape | the overall appearance of an area, usually composed of natural and human-induced influences |
| location | the first theme of geography; the geographical situation of people and things |
| location theory | a logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated |
| medical geography | the study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical perspective |
| mental map | image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individual's perception, impression, and knowledge of the space |
| movement | the fifth theme of geography; the mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the surface of the planet |
| pandemic | an outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide |
| pattern | the design of a spatial distribution |
| perception of place | Belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, stories, movies, or pictures. |
| perceptual region | A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity |
| physical geography | One of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and locations of the Earth's natural phenomena such as soil, climate, plants, animals, and topography. |
| place | One of the five themes of geography; the uniqueness of a location |
| political ecology | An approach to studying nature-society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated. |
| possibilism | Geographic viewpoint that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development. |
| reference maps | Maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude |
| regions | One of the five themes of geography; an area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon |
| relative location | The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places |
| relocation diffusion | Sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate to new ones. |
| remote sensing | A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g., satellites) that are physically distant from the area or object of study |
| rescale | Involvement of players at other scales to generate support for a position or an initiative (e.g., use of the Internet to generate interest on a national or global scale for a local position or initiative |
| sense of place | State of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in n that place or by labeling that place with a certain character |
| sequent occupance | The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape |
| spatial | pertaining to space on the earth's surface; sometimes used as a synonym for geographic |
| spatial distribution | Physical location of geographic phenomena across space |
| spatial interaction | the flow of products, people, services, or information among places, in response to localized supply and demand. |
| spatial perspective | observing variations in geographic phenomena across space |
| stimulus diffusion | A form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of a cultural trait from another place |
| thematic maps | Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon |
| time-distance decay | The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source |
Created by:
Carolxl
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