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topic 8 ids
vocab words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| appeasement | policy of giving in to an aggressor’s demands in order to keep the peace |
| pacifism | opposition to all war |
| neutrality acts | a series of acts passed by the U.S. Congress from 1935 to 1939 that aimed to keep the U.S. from becoming involved in WWII |
| axis powers | group of countries led by Germany, Italy, and Japan that fought the Allies in World War II |
| Francisco Franco | was a Spanish military leader who came to power during the Spanish Civil War. He was dictator of Spain from 1939 to 1973, when he left his position as premier. He continued to be head of state until his death in 1975. |
| anschluss | union of Austria and Germany |
| sudetenland | a region of western Czechoslovakia |
| nazi-soviet pact | agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 in which the two nations promised not to fight each other and to divide up land in Eastern Europe |
| blitzkrieg | lightning war |
| dunkirk | port in France from which 300,000 Allied troops were evacuated when their retreat by land was cut off by the German advance in 1940 |
| vichy | city in central France where a puppet state governed unoccupied France and the French colonies |
| Erwin Rommel | was a career military officer and one of Hitler’s most successful generals. He took his own life after a failed attempt to assassinate Hitler. |
| lend-lease act | act passed by the U.S. Congress in 1941 that allowed the president (FDR) to sell or lend war supplies to any country whose defense was considered vital to the United States |
| atlantic charter | agreement in which Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill set goals for the defeat of Nazi Germany and for the postwar world |
| hideki tojo | was born in Tokyo and was a career military man. He was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army and He was directly responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor, and was arrested and sentenced to death for Japanese war crimes |
| concentration camp | detention center for civilians considered enemies of the state |
| auschwitz | a group of three German concentration camps and extermination camps in southern Poland, built and operated during the Third Reich |
| Franklin d Roosevelt | longest serving president, elected 4x, he led during the great depression/ New deal and inspired America during ww2 dying in april 1945 |
| holocaust | the systematic genocide of about six million European Jews by the Nazis in World War II |
| Joseph Stalin | adopted the name Stalin, he joined the Bolshevik underground. He was the sole ruler of the Soviet Union for 33 years. Stalin stood his ground against Hitler and refused to leave Moscow. He eventually forced the Germans into retreat. |
| internment | confinement during wartime |
| Dwight Eisenhower | grew up poor and came from a hard-working family. During World War II, he was the American general who commanded the Allied forces in western Europe. “Ike” later served as the 34th president of the United States, from 1953–1961. |
| stalingrad | |
| d-day | |
| yalta conference | meeting between Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin in February 1945 where the three leaders made agreements regarding the end of World War II |
| Douglas MaCarthur | led the Allied assaults in the Southwest Pacific. He also commanded troops in World War I and the Korean War. He became a general and army chief of staff during the Depression. |
| kamikaze | Japanese pilot who undertook a suicide mission |
| nuremberg trials | series of war crimes trials held in Germany after WWII |
| united nations | an international organization formed in 1945 at the end of World War II. Since then, its global role has expanded to include economic and social development, human rights, humanitarian aid, and international law. |
| bataan death march | during World War II, the forced march of Filipino and American prisoners of war under brutal conditions by the Japanese military |
| island hopping | during World War II, Allied strategy of recapturing some Japanese-held islands while bypassing others |
| Harry Truman | was the vice president of the United States when Roosevelt died and became the 33rd president upon his death. After being in office for only a few months, Truman made the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan. |
| Winston Churchill | was born to British aristocracy and became prime minister of the British empire in 1940. Early on, he proclaimed the threats posed by Nazi Germany. His determination persuaded the country to defend itself against an encroaching enemy. |
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serenitys1014
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