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Chapter 49
Electrocardiography and pulmonary function testing
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Artifact | Any irrelevant object or mark observed when examining specimens or graphic records that is not related to the object being examined—for example, a foreign object visible through a microscope or an erroneous mark on an ECG strip. |
| Cardiac cycle | The sequence of contraction and relaxation that makes up a complete heartbeat. |
| Depolarization | The loss of polarity, or opposite charges inside and outside; the electrical impulse that initiates a chain reaction resulting in contraction. |
| Dysrhythmia | An irregularity in heart rhythm; also called arrhythmia. |
| Electrode | Sensor that detects electrical activity. |
| Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) | The greatest volume of air that a person is able to expel when performing rapid, forced expiration. |
| Holter monitor | An electrocardiography device that includes a microchip or a small cassette recorder worn around a patient’s waist or on a shoulder strap to record the heart’s electrical activity. |
| Hypoxemia | Low levels of oxygen in the blood |
| Pulmonary function test | A test that evaluates a patient’s lung volume and capacity; used to detect and diagnose pulmonary problems or to monitor certain respiratory disorders and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. |
| Rhythm strip | An ECG tracing obtained using an electrocardiograph machine. |
| Spirometry | A test used to measure breathing capacity |
| Stress test | A procedure that involves recording an electrocardiogram while the patient is exercising on a stationary bicycle, treadmill, or stair-stepping ergometer, which measures work performed. |