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MT FInal
Medical Terminology final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Neuro - is a combining form that means what | nerve |
| build a term that means study of cell | cytology |
| Build a term for a white blood cell | Leukocyte |
| arterio | artery |
| Athero | Plaque or fatty substance |
| Arthero- | Joint |
| -graphy | Process of recording a picture or record |
| Antero- | Front, before |
| Exo- | Outside, out of |
| Postero- | Behind, back, towards |
| Endo- | Within |
| -stasis | Control |
| -plasty | Surgical repair |
| Myo- | Surgical repair |
| -scope | Instrument for visual examination |
| -scopy | Visual examination |
| -megaly | Enlargement |
| Pandemic | Outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographical area |
| Iatrogenic illness | This occurs as a response prescribed medical treatment |
| Nosocomial infection | A disease that is acquired while in the hospital or other clinical setting |
| Idiopathic disease | Disease without a known cause |
| Anaplasia | Change in the structure of cells; cells become undifferentiated |
| Dysplasia | Abnormal growth of cells |
| Hyperplasia | Increase in the number of cells |
| Hypertrophy | Increase in the size, not the number of cells |
| In the terms gastromegaly, which is the word root? | Gastr |
| When combining two word parts to make a medical term, you will use the ______, even if the second word part begins with a vowel. | Combining form |
| To build a term that means visual examination of a joint, the suffix -scopy is combined with | The combining form arthro- |
| RUQ | RUQ |
| LUQ | Left upper quadrant |
| RLQ | Right lower quadrant |
| LLQ | Left lower quadrant |
| -malacia | Softening |
| sclerosis | Hardening |
| -rrhage | Bleeding; sudden,severe bleeding |
| -rrhea | Flow or discharge |
| To build a medical term with a suffix that begins with a vowel, use the ________ to form the term. | Word root |
| Word root | The part of the medical term that contains the primary meaning of the word |
| Combining form | A word root with a combining vowel |
| Suffix | A word part that is at the end of a word |
| Prefix | A word part that is at the beginning of a word |
| The suffix -logy means what | Study of / the study of |
| Arthro- | Combining form that means joint |
| Cephal | Word root that means head |
| Osteo- | Combining form that means bone |
| Epi- | Prefix that means above |
| -al | Suffix that means pertaining to |
| Erythro- | Combining form that means red |
| Arthr- | Word root that means joint |
| -stomy | Suffix that means to create a new opening to the outside of the body |
| The combining form cephalo- means what | Head |
| The suffix -itis means what? | Inflammation |
| All medical terms have a prefix | False |
| If a suffix begins with a vowel, add an o or i to the end of the root before adding the suffix. For example, the word root hepat- and the suffix -itis would be combined as hepatitis. | False |
| STEP 1 | Define the suffix or the last part of the medical term |
| STEP 2 | Define the first part of the medical term |
| STEP 3 | Define the middle part of the word |
| Correct pronunciation of medical terms is not very important, so you should not spend time making sure your pronunciation is correct. | False |
| Built a term that means visual examination of a joint | Arthroscopy |
| Build a term that means incision into the skull | Craniotomy |
| This is a forward slipping of a vertebra | Spondylolisthesis |
| This is the type of spina bifida that is the ‘worst.’ It is a herniation of the meninges AND the spinal cord | Myelomeningocele |
| Osteomalacia | Softening of bone |
| Chondromalacia | Softening of cartilage |
| HNP | Herniation of the intervertebral disc into the spinal cord |
| Ankylosis | Loss or absence of mobility in a joint |
| Hemarthrosis | Blood within a joint |
| Costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage that connect a rib to the sternum |
| Synovitis | Inflammation of the synovial membrane |
| Osteoarthritis | This is also known as DJD; inflammation of the bone and joint |
| Kyphosis | Also known as humpback or hunchback |
| Lordosis | Also known as swayback |
| Scoliosis | Abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine |
| Rickets | Occurs in children when there is a lack of vitamin d |
| Radiculopathy | Disease of the nerve root |
| Periostitis | Inflammation of the periosteum (structure that surround bone) |
| Osteomyelitis | Inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| Osteoporosis | Condition characterized by a marked loss in boss density and a marked increased in bone porosity |
| Greenstick fracture | Fracture in which one side of the bone is broken while the other side is just bent |
| Compound fracture | Fracture in which a bone is broken and there is an open wound of the skin |
| Closed fracture | Also known as a simple fracture |
| Pathologic fracture | A fracture that occurs due to the bone being weakened by a disease process |
| Abduction | Movement away from the midline |
| Adduction & nbsp | Movement toward the midline |
| Flexion | Decreasing the angle between two bones |
| Extension | Increasing the angle between two bones |
| Rotation | Circular movement around an axis |
| Supination | Rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned upward or forward (holding a bowl of soup) |
| Plantar flexion | The movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle |
| Bradykinesia | Abnormally slow movement |
| Dyskinesia | Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement |
| Hyperkinesia | Abnormally increased muscle movement |
| Epicondylitis | Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow |
| Myoparesis | Weakness or slight muscular paralysis |
| Hemiparesis | Weakness or slight paralysis affecting one side of the body |
| Hemiplegia | Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body |
| Paraplegia | Also known as partial paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body |
| Quadriplegia | Paralysis of all four extremities |
| OA | Osteoarthritis |
| ROM | Range of motion |
| EMG | Electromyography |
| -malacia | Softening |
| Osteo- | Bone |
| -scopy | Visual examination |
| -scope | Instrument used to visually examine |
| -rrhaphy | Surgical repair |
| -tomy; -otomy | Cutting into; incision into |
| -ectomy | Excision; removal |
| Myo- | Muscle |
| -pathy | Disease |
| Poly- | Many |
| Build a term that means enlargement of the heart | Cardiomegaly |
| Build a term that means disease of heart muscle | Cardiomyopathy / myocardiopathy |
| Build a term that means inflammation of a vein/s | Phlebitis |
| Build a term that means a deficiency of white blood cells | Leukopenia / leukocytopenia |
| Build a term that means the process of a cell eating or engulfing a pathogen ( a phagocyte performs this actions) | Phagocytosis |
| Build a term that means inflammation of a lymph node or lymph gland | Lymphadenitis |
| Build a term that means pertaining to the destruction of blood | Hemolytic |
| Cardio- | Heart |
| Hemo-; hemato- | Blood |
| Lymphadeno- | Lymph node; lymph gland |
| Lymphangio- | Lymph vessels |
| Athero- | Plaque or fatty substance |
| -sclerosis | Hardening |
| Angio- | Blood vessel |
| Veno-; phlebo- | Veins |
| Peri- | Surrounding |
| -um | Structure |
| Myo- | Muscle |
| -pathy | Disease |
| Tachy- | Fast |
| Brady- | Slow |
| -stenosis | Narrowing |
| Thrombo- | Clot |
| HTN | High blood pressure |
| EKG | A record of the electrical activity of the heart |
| PTCA | Procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is used to open up a partially blocked coronary artery |
| CABG | A procedure in which a harvested vein is used to bypass an occluded coronary artery |
| AED | Automated External Defibrillator |
| CAD | The most common type of heart disease; atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle |
| CHF | A condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives; this results in edema (swelling) |
| Ischemia | Holding back of blood from an area |
| Myocardial infarction | Also known as a heart attack; occurs when one or more coronary arteries become occluded |
| Angina; angina pectoris | Severe chest pain due to an inadequate flow of blood to the myocardium |
| Heart murmur | A blowing or clicking sound heard on auscultation of the heartbeat |
| Arrhythmia | Abnormal heart rhythm |
| Sinus rhythm | Normal heart rhythm |
| SA node (sinoatrial node) | Natural pacemaker of the heart |
| CBC | Complete blood count; this test measures all blood components |
| HCT | Hematocrit; measures the percentage of blood that is made up RBCs |
| Hgb | A blood protein found on RBCs that allows them to carry oxygen; hemoglobin |
| Bx | Biopsy |
| WBCs | Leukocytes; white blood cells |
| ELISA | A blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies |
| Natural immunity & nbsp | Passive immunity; a baby acquires immunity from its mother. |
| Acquired immunity | This immunity occurs because of having a disease or receiving a vaccination |
| Type O- blood & nbsp | Persons with this type of blood are known as the universal donor |
| Type AB+ blood | Persons with this type of blood are known as universal recipients of blood |
| Allogeneic transfusion | This type of transfusion involves a person receiving blood from another person |
| Autologous transfusion | This type of transfusion involves a person receiving their own blood |
| Hemodialysis | This is a process which ‘cleans’ the blood; this is used when the kidneys are unable to function properly. |
| Build a term that means excision, removal, of the appendix | Appendectomy |
| Build a term that means collapsed lung | Pulmonologia |
| Build a term that means an abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder | Cholelithiasis / cholecystolithiasis |
| Intussusception | A condition in which the intestine telescopes into itself; this can lead to bowel obstruction |
| Volvulus | A condition in which the bowel becomes twisted on itself; this can cause a bowel obstruction |
| Ileus | An obstruction of the intestine |
| Esophageal varices | A condition in which the veins of the esophagus are swollen and twisted (tortuous); this is usually caused by portal hypertension |
| Diverticulosis | A condition in which there are outpouchings (pockets) in the colon |
| Diverticulitis | A condition in which the outpouching (pockets) of the colon have become irritated; inflamed , and they may have hemorrhage |
| Gi | Gastrointestinal |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |
| NG tube | Nasogastric tube |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| Build the term that means enlarged spleen | splenomegaly |
| Entero- | Small intestine |
| Colo- | Large intestine |
| Dento- | tooth |
| Gingivo- | Gums |
| Cheilo- | Lip |
| Stomato- | Mouth |
| Hepato- | Liver |
| -emesis | To vomit; vomiting |
| Build a term that means fast breathing | tachypnea |
| Build a term that means spitting up blood from the respiratory tract | hemoptysis |
| Colostomy | The creation of a new opening from the colon to the outside of the body |
| Cholecystectomy | Removal of the gallbladder |
| Colonoscopy | Visual examination of the large intestine |
| Gastrotomy | Incision into the stomach |
| Build a term that means vomiting blood | Hematemesis |
| Build a term that means removal of the tonsils | Tonsillectomy |
| Build the term that means inflammation of the voice box | Laryngitis |
| What is the term for the involuntary wavelike contractions of the GI tract. These contractions move food through the GI tract. | Peristalsis |
| Patients with this condition most often suffer from chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This condition is most often caused by long-term smoking. The condition is generally permanent and progressive. | COPD / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Build the term that means a visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum; EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| What is a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity? | Pneumothorax |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| -ptysis | Spitting |
| Hemo-; hemato- | Blood |
| Pulmono- | Lung |
| Laryngo- | Voice box |
| Pharyngo- | throat |
| Tracheo- | Windpipe |
| -ectasis | Dilation |
| Atelo- | Incomplete |
| Thoraco-; thorax | Chest |
| -centesis | Surgical puncture, usually for removal of fluid |
| Select the term that best describes an endoscopic exam of the bronchi | Bronchoscopy |
| Build a term that means inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye) | Conjunctivitis |
| Build a term that means visual examination of the eye | Ophthalmoscopy |
| Build a term that means an instrument used to examine the eye | Ophthalmoscope |
| Build a term that means incision into the eardrum | Myringotomy / tympanotomy |
| Build a term that means pain of many nerves | Polyneuralgia |
| Build a term that means burning pain | Causalgia |
| Build a term that means inflammation of the brain | Encephalitis |
| A CVA, cerebrovascular accident, is a brain damage that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. This can be caused by a blockage or because of a ruptured blood vessel. WHat is another term for CVA? | Stroke |
| Build a term that means a herniation of the brain; it is a congenital condition in which the brain herniates through a gap in the skull | Encephalocele |
| The myelin sheath is a protective covering of nerves that is made up of glial cells. The myelin sheath helps nerve impulses to travel. What is the loss of this myelin sheath known as? | Demyelination |
| Opti-; opto-; ophthalmo- | Eye |
| -opia | Vision condition |
| Blepharo- | Eyelid |
| Sclero- | Sclera |
| Kerato- | Cornea |
| Presbyo- | Old age |
| Conjunctivo- | Conjunctive |
| Aniso- | Unequal |
| Audito- | Hearing or sense of hearing |
| Tympano-; myringo- | Eardrum |
| Oto- | Ear |
| Pyo- | Pus |
| Myco- | Fungus |
| -rrhea | Discharge |
| -plasty | Surgical repair |
| -metry | To measure |
| Presbyopia | Impaired vision due to old age |
| Hyperopia | Far-sightedness; light rays focus behind the retina |
| Diplopia | Double vision |
| Esotropia | Strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes; cross eyes |
| Photophobia | Excessive sensitivity to light |
| Glaucoma | Groups of diseases caused by increased intraocular pressure |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemical substance that makes it possible for nerve signals to travel |
| Neuron | Nerve cell |
| CNS | The brain and spinal cord |
| PNS | 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of peripheral nerves |
| CSF | Fluid that flows throughout the brain and spinal cord; this fluid cools and cushions the brain and spinal cord |
| Hydrocephalus | Condition in which excess CSF accumulates in the ventricles of the brain |
| Reye’s syndrome | Serious disorder that sometimes follows with a viral illness in which the child was treated with aspirin |
| ALS | A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles. |
| Neuro- | Nerve |
| Encephalo- | Brain |
| Myelo- | Spinal cord |
| Radiculo- | Nerve root |
| Causo- | Burning |
| Meningo- | meninges- the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord |
| -esthesia | Feeling, sensation |
| -phasia | Speech |
| A pressure ulcer is also known as a decubitus ulcer, a bed sore, or a pressure sore. | True |
| What is another term for thyroid storm? | Thyrotoxicosis |
| This gland is sometimes called the ‘master gland’ because it secretes hormones that control the function of other glands. | Pituitary gland |
| Which term refers to the body keeping a constant internal environment? | Homeostasis |
| Which term means under or below the skin | Subcutaneous |
| A life- threatening disease process due to insufficient amounts of cortisol or aldosterone from the adrenal glands. It is characterized by chronic, worsening fatigue, muscle weakness, or low BP, and weight loss | Addison’s disease |
| What is simple hyperplasia of the thyroid gland known as? | Goiter |
| -uria | Urine condition |
| -dipsia | Thirst |
| -phagia | To eat; swallow |
| Pancreato- | Pancreas |
| Glyco- | Sugar;glucose |
| -emia | Blood condition |
| Calco- | Calcium |
| Endocrino- | Secrete within |
| Adipo-; lipo- | Fat |
| Dermato-; cutaneo- | Skin |
| Hidro- | Sweat |
| Onycho-; unguo- | Nails |
| Myco- | Fungus |
| Tricho- | Hair |
| Hirsuto- | Hairy |
| Pediculo- | Lice |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| DI | Diabetes insipidus |
| ADH | Antidiuretic hormone |
| TSH | Thyroid stimulating hormone |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone |
| GH | growth hormone |
| FBS | Fasting blood sugar |
| HbA1c | Hemoglobin A1C; a blood test that shows the average blood glucose level of the patient over the past 3-4 months |
| MM | Malignant melanoma |
| SCC | Squamous cell carcinoma |
| BCC | Basal cell carcinoma |
| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Anhidrosis | Abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat |
| Diaphoresis | Profuse sweating related to heat and/or exertion of the body’s response to emotional or physical distress |
| Alopecia | Baldness |
| Onychomycosis | Abnormal, fungal infection of the nail |
| Onychocryptosis | ‘Hidden’ toenail; ingrown toenail |
| Albinism | Genetic condition characterized by the deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin |
| Vitiligo | Autoimmune condition in which the body attacks the melanocytes |
| Hirsutism | Presence of excessive body hair |
| The abbreviation for benign prostatic hyperplasia is | BPH |
| A surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture is a/an _______. | Urethrotomy |
| The abbreviation for the condition that cause genital warts is | HPV |
| The abbreviation for a bacterial infection that usually begins in the bladder and can affect all parts of the urinary system is | UTI |
| An inflammation of the urethra is __________. | Urethritis |
| The abbreviation for end-stage renal disease is | ESRD |
| TURP is the abbreviation for _____________________. | Transurethral prostatectomy |
| The surgical removal of one or both ovaries is a/an | Oophorectomy |
| The disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney is known as __________. | Nephrolithiasis |
| A dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus is _____________. | Ectopic pregnancy |
| Which term means excessive urination? | Polyuris |
| What does the suffix -rrhea mean? | Discharge |
| Which condition means an accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube? | Pyosalpinx |
| Which term has a word part that means hidden? | Cryptorchidism |
| What does the suffix- gravida mean? | Pregnant |
| Why would a patient have an orchiopexy? | To repair an undescended testicle |
| What does the combining form salping/o mean? | Fallopian tube |
| Which test examines urine for abnormalities? | Urinalysis |
| Which term means inflammation of the bladder? | Cystitis |
| A patient with bladder cancer has a portion of their bladder removed in a procedure called _____. | Cystectomy |
| What does the suffix -pareunia mean? | Coitus |
| Juan rush, who has been trying to have a baby with his partner without success finds out he has a low sperm count. What is the term for Juan's condition? | Oligospermia |
| Which term contains a suffix that means inflammation? | Nephritis |
| Which prefix means first? | Primi- |
| What does the suffix -cele mean? | Hernia |
| What does the combining form in nephropathy mean? | Kidney |
| Which form of dialysis filters waste products from the patient’s blood? | Hemodialysis |
| Which is true of a patient with nocturia? | The patient urinates frequently during the night |
| What occurs in uterine prolapse? | The uterus drops the vagina |
| Which term contains the word part that means pertaining to? | Genitourinary |
| The combining form in ureterolith indicates that this stone is located within the___. | Ureter |
| Which combining form means urinary bladder? | vesic/o |
| Joni Wells is experiencing leukorrhea and makes an appointment with her primary care physician. Which term describes leukorrhea? | The uterus discharges whitish mucus. |
| Which suffix means surgical removal? | ectomy |
| Which combining form means egg? | o/o |
| Which term has the word part that means surgical fixation? | Orchiopexy |
| Which term is also known as an undescended testicle? | Cryptorchidism |
| What is a surgical incision made to enlarge the opening of the urethral meatus? | Meatotomy |
| Which term contains a suffix that means the presence of stones? | Nephrolithiasis |
| Which term contains a word part that means abnormal condition? | Cryptorchidism |
| What occurs during hyperemesis gravidarum? | Excessive vomiting |
| What does nephr/o mean? | Kidney |
| Which combining form means uterus? | hyster/o |
| What is an inflammation of a fallopian tube? | Salpingitis |
| Willa French believes she has a urinary tract infection because she feels pain and burning when urinating; the term for difficult or painful urination is ______. | Dysuria |
| What condition is a result of twisting of the spermatic cord leading into the testicle? | Testicular torsion |
| What does the combining form in the term cystocele mean? | Bladder |
| Which word part means deficient? | Hypo- |
| Nancy Lawless is scheduled for an oophorectomy. What does this term mean? | The surgical removal of one or both ovaries |
| What term means an inflammation of the lining of the vagina? | Vaginitis |
| What is the term for a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall in a female? | Cystocele |
| What is the term for a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall in a female? | Cystocele |
| Which combining form means testicles? | orchi/o |
Created by:
katherinaguilar
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