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Unit 9.3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absolute Rule | When a ruler has complete control over all parts of their subjects’ lives. |
| Aryan | An ancient nomadic people who migrated into India from western Asia/ Eastern Europe. These people took over, settled down, and began to form empires. |
| Asoka/ Ashoka | An emperor in the Maurya Empire in India who implemented and spread Buddhism throughout his Empire. He is also known for the creation of his own set of laws. |
| Civil Service Exam | A test given to earn a position in government based on ability. This originated in Qing Dynasty China. |
| Confucianism | A political and moral philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius including the core virtues of kindness, righteousness, sobriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness |
| Confucius | Philosopher whose ideas heavily influenced the running of the Han Dynasty in China. |
| Chandragupta | The founder of the Maurya Empire in India |
| Daoism/ Taoism | A philosophy originating in China in which people attempt to live a balanced life in harmony with nature by following a set of ideals known as the way. |
| Dynastic Cycle | A term used to describe the reasons for a dynasty both gaining and losing power. |
| Empire | When one government conquers and controls a large territory including multiple groups of people. |
| Filial Piety | Every person has the duty to respect their elders (older relatives) and ancestors. This was a major theme of Chinese culture and Confucianism. |
| The Five Relationships | An idea in Confucianism in which explains the relationship of power and obedience between five groups. Ruler and Ruled Friend and Friend (equals) Husband and Wife Older Sibling and Younger Sibling Father and Son |
| Ganges River | A river which the Maurya and Gupta Empires grew around in India. This river plays a major role in Hinduism as both a goddess and a place of purification. |
| Golden Age | A time of peace and prosperity in an empire. |
| Hanfeizi | A political philosopher in Qin Dynasty China who developed the idea of Legalism. |
| Interconnectedness | When two cultures are connected through trade, war, or travel. |
| Laozi | A philosopher in ancient China who developed the idea of Daoism |
| Legalism | A political philosophy in Qin Dynasty China that assumes that all people are fundamentally bad and therefore people must obey a set of strict laws and those in authority. |
| Major Pillar Edicts of Asoka | A series of stone pillars distributed around the Mauryan Empire inscribed with laws and moral guidance. |
| Mandate of Heaven | The idea in Ancient China that the ruler was destined to rule based on the will of the gods and ancestral spirits. |
| Missionaries | A person who goes from place to place to spread a religious message. |
| Philosophy | A set of ideas on how to live. |
| Shi Huangdi | The first ruler of the Qin Dynasty who began construction on the Great Wall of China. |
| Silk Road | A trade route that spread from China throughout the ancient world along which many goods (including silk) were traded. |
| Wudi | Ruler during the Han Dynasty who brought on a golden age in China. |
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