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Body Structure:
Body Structure and Processes - Muscular System PT3 - TYPES -
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscles of pectoral girdle? | trapezius rhomboid pectoralis minor serratus levator |
| trapezius muscles? | 2 which cover the back, neck and base of skull diamond shape and perform a large variety of movements |
| trapezius muscles cover what? | back, neck and base of skull |
| shape of trapezius muscles? | diamond |
| rhomboid muscles? | 2 which originate at cervical vertebrae and insert at scapula allowing shimmying and are covered by trapezius muscles |
| rhomboid muscles and levator scapulae originate where? | cervical vertebrae |
| rhomboid muscles and levator insert where? | scapula |
| levator muscles? | 2 levator scapulae muscles insert at scapula and originate at cervical vertebrae allow shrugging and covered by trapezius muscles |
| which muscles originate at cervical vertebrae and insert and scapula | rhomboid and levator |
| difference between rhomboid and levator muscles? | rhomboid allows shimmying and levator allows shrugging |
| serratus anterior muscle? | chest muscle originates on anterior surface of ribs and inserts at border between thoracic vertebrae and scapula allowing you to swing shoulder |
| serratus anterior muscles allows what movement? | swing shoulder |
| serratus anterior originates where? | anterior surface of ribs |
| serratus anterior inserts where? | border between thoracic vertebrae and scapula |
| chest muscle? | serratus anterior |
| pectoralis minor? | originates at rib and inserts at coracoid process of scapula allows you to hunch |
| pectoralis minor originates where? | ribs |
| pectoralis minor allows what? | hunch |
| pectoralis minor inserts where? | coracoid process of scapula |
| deltoid? | abduct arm originate at lateral end of clavicle and insert at deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
| deltoid movement? | abduct arm |
| deltoid originates where? | lateral end of clavicle |
| deltoid inserts where? | deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
| teres major? | often works with latissimus dorsi to help adduct the arm and originates at scapula and inserts at top of humerus |
| teres major usually works with what for arm adduction | latissimus dorsi |
| teres major usually works with latissimus dorsi for what? | arm adduction |
| teres major, subscapularis, teres minor, infraspinatus and supraspinatus inserts where? | top of humerus |
| which muscle originates at scapula? | teres major, teres minor, infraspinatus and subscapularis and supraspinatus |
| name the rotator cuff muscles | supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis |
| how many rotator cuff muscles are there? | 4 |
| why are rotator cuff muscles important? | essential for shoulder stability and wide range of arm movements work together to keep head of humerus firmly in shallow socket |
| supraspinatus? | assists deltoids at start of abduction and originate at scapula insert at top of humerus |
| subscapularis? | assists with internal rotation of arm and originate at scapula and insert at top of humerus |
| infraspinatus? | assists with external rotation of a rm originates at scapula and inserts at top of humerus |
| which muscles assists with external rotation of arm? | infraspinatus and teres minor |
| which muscle assists with internal rotation of arm? | subscapularis |
| which muscle assists deltoid at start of abduction | supraspinatus |
| teres minor? | help with external rotation of arm originates at scapula and insert at top of humerus |
| pectoralis major? | originate at 2 places (clavicle and sternum and top six ribs) produces flexion at shoulder and inserts at humerus |
| how many points of origin does the pectoralis major have? | 2 |
| where does the pectoralis major insert? | humerus |
| movement at pectoralis major? | produces flexion at shoulder eg hands over head |
| points of origin in pectoralis major? | clavicle and sternum and top six ribs |
| clavicle and sternum and top six ribs is what? | the 2 points of origin in pectoralis major |
| latissimus dorsi? | produce extension at shoulder originate at thoracic vertebrae and insert at middle of humerus |
| movement at latissimus dorsi? | extension at shoulder eg return arm to resting position after flexion |
| origin of latissimus dorsi? | thoracic vertebrae |
| insertion of latissimus dorsi? | middle of humerus |
| muscles that move the arm? | pectoralis major deltoid teres major latissimus dorsi |
| muscles that move the forearm and wrist all originate on the humerus except? | biceps brachii and triceps brachii |
| where do biceps brachii and triceps brachii originate and insert? | originate on scapula and insert at ulna/radius |
| muscles that move what all originate on humerus except triceps brachii and biceps brachii? | forearm and wrist |
| what is responsible for flexion of elbow supination of forearm? | biceps brachii |
| what is responsible for extension of elbow pronation of forearm? | triceps brachii |
| biceps brachii? | two heads (long and short) originate at scapula insert at radial tuberosity on radius where heads converge at belly |
| forearm and wrist? | triceps brachii and biceps brachii, brachialis and brachioradialis |
| insertion point of biceps brachii? | radial tuberosity on radius |
| triceps brachii? | 3 heads (long head) where long head originates at scapula and medial and lateral head originate at humerus and insert at ulna |
| what creates flexion at the elbow? | brachialis and brachioradialis |
| brachialis and brachioradialis compared to tricep and bicep brachii do what? | oppose and counter extension |
| brachialis? | provides 50% elbow flexion originates at distal humerus and inserts at ulna |
| what has the origin of distal humerus and inserts at ulna? | brachialis |
| brachioradialis? | originates at lower humerus and inserts at radius |
| what has the origin of distal humerus and inserts at radius? | brachioradialis |
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cowcow
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