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BMP
Biochemical Molecules and Processes - Vitamins, Coenzymes + Ions PT2 - 14/10/24
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| why is consuming too much minerals and ions in excess toxic? | can become pro-oxidants generating destructive free radicals |
| vitamin c helps absorb what? | iron |
| what does vitamin c block your body from doing? | body's ability to assimilate essential mineral copper |
| electrolytes? | sodium potassium chloride calcium phosphorus magnesium sulfur |
| bone growth and maintenance? | calcium magnesium and phosphorus |
| what are major /macrominerals needed in diet >100 mg/day | electrolytes and bone growth and maintenance |
| how much major/macrominerals needed in diet? | >100 mg/day |
| trace of microminerals <100 mg/day? | iron zinc iodine selenium copper chromium maganese fluoride chromium and molybdenum |
| how much trace of microminerals is needed? | <100 mg/day |
| amounts and variation of minerals in body must remain? | constant |
| where does regulation occur? | GI tract (intake) and kidneys (excretion and reabsorption, acid base) and breathing (acid base) |
| how much does the liver recycle in a day? | 8L of fluid/minerals a day |
| 8L of minerals/fluid is recycled a day from where? | liver |
| GI tract? | intake |
| kidneys? | excretion and reabsorption, acid base) |
| breathing | acid base |
| what do they kidneys depend on to regulate sodium and potassium | adrenal glands |
| kidneys depend on adrenal glands to regulate what? | sodium and potassium |
| sodium? | extracellular cation maintains normal fluid and electrolyte balance assisting in nerve impulse transmission amd muscle contraction |
| chloride? | major anion maintains normal fluid and electrolyte balance; part of HCl in gastric juice |
| potassium/ | intracellular cation maintains normal fluid and electrolye balance facilitating many reactions; assists in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction |
| what major minerals have rare deficiency? | sodium and chloride |
| deficiency in potassium? | arrythmia, numbness and paralysis, confusion |
| calcium? | required for mineralisation of bones and teeth, muscle contraction, nerve function, blood clotting |
| deficiency in calcium? | osteoporosis, muscle spasms and tingling |
| phosphorus? | required for mineralisation of bones and teeth, part of every cell and phospholipids, used in energy transfer and buffering system |
| deficiency in phosphorus? | weakness and bone pain |
| magnesium? | required bone minteralisation, building protein, enzyme action, muscle contraction; protects against hypertension and heart disease |
| deficiency in magnesium? | weakness, confusion, growth failure |
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cowcow
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