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History MidTerm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Secondary Source | produced not at time of study- someone else looking back at event |
| Primary Source | produced at time of study |
| Peer-Reviewed Source | reviewed by experts in the field |
| Black Death | 1340s-1350s Epidemic that travels silk road- china, europe and some of africa carried by fles and rats/rodents travels through lymph nodes people started to blame mongol empire |
| Mongol Empire | 1200-1400 largest continuous empire (land empire) known for their warfare and weapons chinese forces overthrew them to form ming dynasty enslaved skilled people |
| Ibn Battuta | 1304-1368 medieval muslim traveler higher class, arabic, muslim judge traveled to africa, europe, asia, southasia, india exhibits bias and critical of others |
| Antonius Malfante | 1410-1450 Italian City state trader, christian, upper/middle class, helped the poor with trade and observations views the world in christian eyes wanted to learn about the daily lives of the people, climate, religon |
| Mali Empire | 1226-1670 empire in west africa fixed social hierarchy 40% of all gold in afro-eurasia cam out wealthy goes to war in every direction and collapses |
| Hongwu Emperor | founder of the Ming Dynasty - han chinese 1328-1398 |
| Ming Voyages | Dynast: 1368-1644 voyages 1405-1433 organized by Young-lo Emperor and led by Zheng He majorty of great wall of china was built during this dynasty |
| Iasak | 1500-1800s forced labor, indigenous siberians colonizerss using colonized termporary fur supplier- collected pellets pay 10% tax to government |
| Aztec Empire | 1400-1521 Texas today fixed social hierarchy liked alot of gold believed in human sacrafice trivutary, foreced labor, conquerors, and violent |
| Great Dying | 1492-1504 Columbus took 4 voyages to Americas brought so many diseases with them 80-90% of all native people died |
| Cerro Potosi | 1400-present most profitable spanish mine in todays bolivia mita system the silver flow |
| Mita System | 14000-1800 corvee forced labor for a period of time |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | 1400-1500 maritime academy hoped to find new trade routes and spread combat islam christianity goal: get to india carvals, maps, instruments |
| Columbian Exchange | 1400-1800 columbus took 4 voyages to the americas goods to old to new world crops, diseases, livestock colonization in america |
| Silver Flow | 1500-1800 1/3 of silver that came out of americas wound up in china europeans want silk and china used silver to make coins/currencies europeans have something to trade with china |
| Paul Erdmann Isert | 1756-1789 doctor from 1700s fort christiansburg in west africa, a for ran by denmark fort= pitstop eurpeans sick/death in africa climate, food but really, scurvy, malaria |
| Ignatius Loyola | 1491-1556 founder of jesuits basque soldier region in spain and france upper class (nobility) he got injued and dedicated his life to catholic church |
| Paul Le Jeune | 1591-1664 french Jesuit missionary served as the Superior of the Jesuits in the French colony of Canada from 1632 to 1639 |
| Suppression of the Jesuits | 1759-1814 accused of medding in the affairs of european empire building |
| European Enlightenment | 1600-1700 1. reason or critical thinking 2. scientific method 3. belief in progress |
| European Scientific Revolution | 1500-1700 1. institutions fo education and research 2. partronage (supporter) 3. solvin navigational problems (night sky) 4.new methods of scientific experimentation |
| John Locke | 1632-1704 big supporter of constituitionalism proposing these ideas government have limited power over people |
| Voltaire | 1694-1778 french enlightenment writer, philosopher |
| The Atlantic System | 1600-1800 18th century transatlantic triangular trade trade cycle - raw materials, slaves, manufactured goods |
| Olaudah Equiano | 1745-1797 slave kept by british captain made little business bought his freedom became abolitionist wrote book own experiences what he saw on boat |
| William Snelgrave | 1681-1743 slave trader, captain had mutinies on ship |
| Challenger to Mercatus Honestus | slaves were property , bring unity and purpose, life will be better in americas, will gospel for themselves against slavery in gentlemens and london magazine- responds and haves conversation |
| Catherine the Great | 1762-1796 policies- very and also very not enlightened strengthed serfdom enlightened abolutism founded 1st girls school in Russian Empire patron to the philospher, voltaire |
| 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against slavery | very anti-violence, crulety, pasafist, peceful 1776- quakers abolish slavery for their church 1777- vermot= 1st state 1780- pa = quakers were successful |
| Serdom in Russia | 1649-1861 owned their own people more about class/scoail hierarchy russian nobility enslving russian peasants mostly farming |
| Declaration of the Rights of Man/Woman and the Citizen | a French document that established human civil rights during the French Revolution written by Olympe de Gouges and is a powerful document that influenced the women's rights movement. |
| Wealth and Development Gap | After the industrial revolution, people's wealth started to separate and it went from everyone was on the same level to establishing the difference between those richer and those poorer. |
| 1832 Report on Child Labor | 1832 report on child labor, also known as the Sadler Report, was a parliamentary investigation into the working conditions of children in British factories. |
| 1844 Factory Rules | established the half-time system whereby children in tex- tile mills worked half-day and attended school half-day. This act also lowered the minimum age for employment to eight |
| Berlin Conference | 1884–1885 Meeting at which the major European powers negotiated and formalized claims to territory in Africa; |
| Edgar Canisius | an important figure in the Congo reform movement because he passed on Ilanga's personal story to Morel. |
| Mary Kingsley | 1862-1900 English explorer and writer. She traveled through many West African 1893 countries and was the first European to enter parts of Gabon. Her books about her experiences in Africa helped English people understand African culture. |
| Opium Wars | mid-19th century first Opium War was fought between China and Great Britain from 1839 to 1842. In the second Opium War, from 1856 to 1860, a weakened China fought both Great Britain and France. China lost both wars |
| Monroe Doctrine | foreign policy position of the United States that opposes European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere. It was announced by President James Monroe in his annual address to Congress on December 2, 1823. |
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