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AP World Unit 2

Ap World unit #2

QuestionAnswer
2.1: How did Eurasia begin silk road trade? -Productive agriculture civilizations with some pastoral people -Gave rise to extensive and sustained trade route system between agriculture people and pastorals.
2.1: Inner zone of Eurasia -Harsher climate used for herding (Pastorals)
2.1: Outer Zone of Eurasia -Warm and well watered climate suitable for agriculture
2.1: Major reasons for early and sustained silk road growth: -Rich states provided security for merchants (Mongols, Byzantine, Muslim Abbasid, Tong and song Protected) Innovations: Yokes, Saddles, Stirrups, Oxen, Horses and Camels
2.1: Innovation on silk road: -Things: Yokes, Saddles, Stirrups -Animals: Oxen, Horses, Camels
2.1: Goods on Silk Road: -Luxury goods due to expensive nature of travel -Silk -Luxury only goods limited the impact on the ordinary
2.1: Importance of silk and Women in Silk trade -No silk=No money -Used as a currency -Chinese women completed every step in silk production -Chinese homes where site of silk production -Farmers made silk instead of crops
2.1: Spread of disease along the silk road -Disease patterns -Black death: Death, Increased wages, Cheaper land, -Diseases made Christianity and Buddhism more appealing caused both advocated for compassion during suffering.
2.1: Causes of growth in exchange: -New empires -Improvements in transportation technology
2.1: Effects of growth in exchange: -Cities around trade networks -Commercial alliances -Caravanserai
2.1: What is a caravanserai -Lodging station for merchants -Safe -Center of exchange/trade -Resembled a fort -Ideas spread here
2.1: Specific effects of plague in Europe: -Less population -Higher wages -Farmers improved agriculture techniques -Wages were fixed in some places -Inflation -Peasants and lower class revolt -Caused overall tech to improve
2.2: Non-Specific Mongol impact (Overall) -Joined pastorals and agriculture peoples -Brought Europe, China and Islamic world together -Extreme destructiveness
2.2: Cultural Impact of Mongols -Nothing really besides their killing
2.2: Religion of Mongols -Local ancestor bullshit -Allowed religious tolerance
2.2: RISE OF THE MONGOLS -Temujin's rise to power as he proved himself through victory -Temujin brought fractured Mongol tribes together - Massive invasions causing fear to all -Wanted to expand to China
2.2: Mongol Empire Building Shortcomings -Jail to invade japan -Setbacks in tropics of southeast asia
2.2: Mongol Military -Deserters would be killed -Sophisticated war tactics -Mongols benefited from plundered goods -Artisans and craftsman sparred from massacre
2.2: Mongol Brutality -Ruthless + Brutal Massacres -Resistance met with death -Women and children enslaved or used as human shields
2.2: Mongol Maintaining + Administer -Squashed rebellions or anyone who showed resistance -Census for taxes -Allowed traders in for 10% fanum tax -Centralized Bearcats -Translator Scribes -Religious freedom
2.2: Pax Mongolia -Period of peace and prosperity -Supporting trade
2.3 The Golden Horde (Rise) -Located in Russia -Before Mongols was kievan rus with little: Political Stability -Mongols enslaved people and took crafters and artisans as slaves -Mongols attacked quickly
2.3 The Golden Horde (Experience/maintain) -Russian orthodox church flourished -No permeant administrators -Russia had little to offer Mongols -Exploited Russia into sending tributes
2.3 The Golden Horde (Effects) -Made Moscow powerful -Russia adapted to Mongol administration -Mongols were not assimilated -Russia Adopted mongol courts
2.3 The Golden Horde (Fall) -The plague and resistance drove Mongols out
2.3 China and the Mongols Khanate (Rise) -China was hard to conquer -Primary target for agriculture wealth -Massive destruction and plunder (The song)
2.3 China and the Mongols Khanate (Experience/maintain) -Beneficial policies: Limited death penalty, Roads, Canals Lower tax Extracted wealth -Polo said people treated like slaves -People thought Mongols had mandate of heaven -Mongols used Chinese systems (Postal) -Treated people in the south better (
2.3 China and the Mongols Khanate (Administer) -Ignored civil service exam -Kept authority for themselves -Restrictive intermarriage laws -Mongol women had more rights -Allowed farming
2.3 China and the Mongols Khanate (Fall) -Rule was brief -Rising prices and plague + Rebellions -China went back to confuses ideals and destroy Mongol influence
2.3 Persia and the Mongols ilkhanate (Rise) -Very quick takeover -Changed the idea that Islamic rule expanded always
2.3 Persia and the Mongols ilkhanate (Maintain/Experience) -Overall a disaster -Extensive bureaucracy -Killed 200k and sacked Baghdad -Damaged agriculture and irrigation -Heavy tax -Pushed Pastorals out of country -Increased wine and silk production
2.3 Persia and the Mongols ilkhanate (Fall) -Mongols became Persian -Mongols assimilated in and were "civilized" -Overall said to have resisted rule
2.4 What was the causes of Indian Ocean Trade Expansion? -Monsoon winds -Tech like astrolabes, compass, sail and dhow -Desire for foreign goods (Porcelain, Spices, Ivory)
2.4 Impact of Indian Ocean Trade -Spread of Islam and Buddhism -Diasporic Communities -Cheaper trade and bulk trade
2.4 What where the causes of the rise of Trans Saharan Trade? -Caravan Travel -Use of camels -Rise of Mali
2.4 What were the effects of Trans Saharan Trade -Spread of Islam -Centralized Empires consolidate -Increased demand for luxuries -Cultural Diffusion
2.5 Marco Polos travels: -Pov of merchant -Worked in different countries -Pax Mongolia allowed him safe travels -Documented his journey in prison -Took notice of Chinese innovations like paper money and credit
2.6 Ibn Battuta's travels: -Pov of Pilgrim -Focused on Jurist duties to monitor islamic activity
2.6 Environmental Changes effect on Europe -Deforestation: Less fertile soil -Little ice age: Decrease in area for agriculture growth
2.6 Environmental Changes effect on Africa -bananas are well produced and healthy and can be stored -More food=Greater population
2.6 Environmental Changes effect on China -Champa rice -More food = Bigger Population
Created by: Anthony D'Alisa
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