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Final in Phlebotomy

QuestionAnswer
SST Serum separating tube Contains a gel called Thixotropic gel
Purple top Contains an additive called EDTA
Blue top Contains buffered sodium citrate
Plain red top This tube does not contain an additive but is silicon coated to prevent red blood cells from sticking to the sides of the tube
Green top Contains sodium heparin or lithium heparin
Royal blue top Contains sodium EDTA
Yellow top Contains ACD (acid citrate dextrose)
Gray top Contains sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate
Blood culture bottles Contains a broth (growth medium) in each bottle. One is aerobic and the other anaerobic. Always fill aerobic bottle first.
List the order of draw by color Sterile Blood Cultures Light Blue Plain red/SST Green Lavender Gray
Angle you are suppose to hold needle when preforming a venipuncture 15-30 degree
List the 3 compontents to chain of infection Source, means of transmission, and susceptible host
How are infections spread by someone who is in respiratory isolation Droplets in the air/airborne
In what order should you put on PPE Gown, mask, and gloves
Which mode of transmission occurs most frequently? Contact
Definition of Hemolysis Breakdown of red blood cells
What is the most important rule in phlebotomy? Correctly identifying patient
List the 5 basic modes or routes of infection transmission Contact, airborne, vector, vehicle, and droplet
Example of strict isolation? Chickenpox
Name two types of contact transmission Direct and indirect
What does ACD stand for? Acid citrate dextrose
Which tube contains acid citrate dextrose? Yellow top
What is pyogenic Pus-producing
Define fomite Non-living materials such as bed linens that may transmit microorganisms
Define coagulation The process by which the clotting of blood occurs
Define bacteremia The presence of bacteria in the blood
Define anticoagulant A substance that prevents or delays the clotting process of blood
Define pathogen Any microorganism capable of producing disease
Define sterile Free of living organisms
Define etiology A study of all the factors involved in the cause of a disease
Define fibrin The substance that serves as a base for the formation of clots
Define septicemia A systematic infection in which pathogens are present in the circulatory bloodstream
Components in the blood are Plasma, erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), thrombocytes (platelets)
Hemoglobin Major portion of RBC’s
How many quarts of blood in the adult body 5 QTs
Circulatory system consents of? Blood, heart, vascular system
What is the liquid (in blood) called that cells are suspended in? Plasma
RBCs are produced at a rate of? 2 million/sec
What is the primary function of RBCs? Transport O2/CO2
Main function of leukocytes? To protect against infection
Total blood volume consists of? 45 percent cells and 55 percent plasma
Plasma consists of 90 percent H2O and 10 percent Solutes
Ca is the most abundant mineral in the body. What is it essential for? Clotting and normal function of muscles and nerves
Light blue tubes must be? Filled all the way and inverted
What is BUN Blood, Urea, Nitrogen
Culture and Sensitivity testing is in what department Microbiology
What is the artery in the arm that is the major blood supply Brachial artery
Vein Palpation used to assess the depth, width, direction and health (resilience) of a vein
Three veins used for venipuncture median cubital, cephalic, and basilic veins
If blood lacks the D-antigen It is Rh-negative
Hemolysis resulting from phlebotomy may be caused by incorrect needle size, improper tube mixing, incorrect filling of tubes, excessive suction, prolonged tourniquet, and difficult collection
What organ destroys red blood cells in the body Spleen
Which is oxygenated pulmonary vein or pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein is oxygenated and pulmonary artery is not
Is antigens produced in lymphoid tissue? True or false False
Define polycythemia An increase in the number of erythrocytes in the blood
What is petechiae Tiny purple or red spots appearing on the skin as a result of tiny hemorrhages
Can be caused by improper venipuncture Hematoma
A group of hereditary bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of a factor for clotting of the blood Hemophilia
To briefly lose consciousness Syncope
A technique used before drawing an arterial blood gas to check for collateral blood flow in the wrist Allen’s test
The presence of oxygen Aerobic
Absence of oxygen Anaerobic
Redness or inflammation of the skin as a result of dilation of capillaries Erythema
Abnormal condition in which a clot develops within a blood vessel in the body Thrombosis
What is the small vessels that collect blood from the capillaries to form veins? Venules
The layer of cells that lines the vessels and organs Endothelium
The point of union between two blood vessels Anastomosis
The major artery in the neck leading to the brain Carotid artery
Artery in the antecubital fossa Brachial artery
Artery located in the groin area Femoral artery
If a child is crying violently will it elevate WBC Yes
What is the iron containing pigment of RBCs? Hemoglobin
Does the inferior vena cava or superior vena cava drain the lower portion of the body Inferior vena cava
A patient who is taking Coumadin is monitored by A prothrombin time
Where are RBC’s produced Red bone marrow: cranium, vertebrae, ribs, sternum
The percentage of RBC in relation to total blood volume is known as Hematocrit (HCT)
The most abundant protein in plasma Albumin
What is BMP Basic metabolic panel - drawn usually as SST (camo top)
Examples of antiseptics used in blood collection •70% ethyl alcohol •70% isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol) •Benzalkonium chloride (e.g., Zephiran chloride) •Chlorhexidine gluconate •Hydrogen peroxide
The end that attaches to the blood collection device is called the hub, and the internal space of the needle is called the Lumen
ECHO The most common anticoagulants E (EDTA) C (citrate) H (heparin) O (oxalate)
turnaround time TAT
Which of the following tubes can be used to collect a serum specimen? a.Light blue top b.Green top c.PST d.Red top d. Red top
You are about to perform routine venipuncture on a patient with no known allergy to antiseptics. Which of the following substances would you use to clean the site? a.5.25% sodium hypochlorite b.70% isopropyl alcohol b. 70% isopropyl alcohol
A tourniquet is used in venipuncture to: a.Concentrate the blood specimen b.Find and enter veins more easily c.Keep the vein from collapsing d.All of the above b.Find and enter veins more easily
Lavender-top tubes are most commonly used to collect: a.Chemistry tests b.Coagulation specimens c.Hematology tests d.Immunology tests c.Hematology tests
Which of the following needles has the largest diameter? a.18-gauge b.20-gauge c.21-gauge d.23-gauge a.18 gauge
Mixing an additive correctly involves turning the wrist how many degrees and back again? a.45 b.90 c.120 d.180 d.180
Thixotropic gel is found in: a.PPTs b.PSTs c.SSTs d.All the above c.SSTs
The ratio of blood to anticoagulant is most critical for: a.Coagulation specimens b.Light blue stoppers c.Sodium citrate tubes d.All the above d.All the above
Monitor blood-thinning medications; important in heart conditions, coagulation problems, and stroke management PT/PTT test
PT/PTT tests A prothrombin time (PT) and a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) are both blood tests that measure how long it takes for blood to clot
Determine hemoglobin levels, detect infection, and identify blood disorders CBC test
Created by: Melissa0551
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