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chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| airborne infection isolation precautions | precautions that are used with patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei |
| airborne transmission | spread of infection either by airborne droplet nuclei or by dust particles that contain microorganisms |
| Bloodborne pathogens | infectious agent carried in the blood |
| chain of infection | continuous link among the infection source the means of transmission and the susceptible host |
| common vehicle transmisson | transmission by means of contaminated items such as food water medications devices and equipment |
| contact precautions | used for patients known or suspected to have serious illness that are easily transmitted by direct patient contact or with items in the patients environment |
| contact transmission | transfer of microorganisms from an infected or colonized person to susceptible host by body surface to body surface contact or through contact with contaminated object |
| droplet nuclei | particles smaller than 5 that remain suspended in the air for long periods of times |
| droplet transmission | spread of infection through airborne droplets |
| exposure control plan | comprehensive document outlining all procedures and policies for preventing the spread of infection |
| fomite | contaminated object |
| healthcare associated infection | infection contracted by a patient during a hospital stay |
| hepatitis B virus | virus that causes the liver disease hepatitis B spread through contact with human blood or body fluid |
| high efficiency particulate air | a type of air filter |
| human immunodeficiency virus | causative agent for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| infection | invasion by and growth of a microorganism in the human body that causes disease |
| isolation | separation of an infection source from a susceptible host thereby breaking the chain of infection |
| micrometer | unit of measure equal to one millionth of a meter a caliper for making precise measurements that has a spindle moved by a finely threaded screw |
| nosocomial infection | infection acquired during a hospital stay |
| opportunistic microorganism | a resident floral microorganism that causes infection under certain conditions such as break in the skin |
| pathogen | infectious organism |
| personal protective equipment | fluid resistant gowns. makes respirators face shields shoe covers and gloves |
| protective environment | isolation of immunocompromised patients to prevent exposing them to infection |
| reservoir | person carrying an infectious agent without being sick |
| resident flora | microorganisms that exist on or in the body that normally do not cause illness |
| sepsis | bacterial infection |
| standard precautions | infection control method that uses barrier protection and work control practices to prevent direct skin contact |
| transmission based precautions | for patients who are known or suspected to be infected or colonized with infectious agents, |
| vectors | carrier of disease |
Created by:
Kenzie.manson
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