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Module 1 Chapter 1
Introduction to Medical Language
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| EHR | Electronic Health Record | |
| Acute | it just started recently or is a sharp, severe symptom | |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging | |
| Ultima | last syllable | |
| Penult | The second-to-last syllable is called the penult, which means “almost the last.” The prefix pen- means “almost.” Think of the word peninsula, which is a body of land with water on three sides. The word literally translates to “almost an island.” | |
| Antepenult | The third-to-last syllable is called the antepenult. The literal translation of this word is one of our favorites. Ante- means “before,” so antepenult means “the one before the one that is almost the last. | |
| Root | A root is the foundation of any medical term. Roots function like nouns in the language of medicine. It is the base, or subject, of a word—it is what the word is about. Most roots refer to things like body parts, organs, and fluids. | |
| arthr/o | joint | arthritis |
| cardi/o | heart | cardiology |
| enter/o | small intestine | enteropathy |
| gastr/o | stomach | gastritis |
| hepat/o | liver | hepatitis |
| neur/o | nerve | neurology |
| hem/o hemat/o | blood | hemorrhage hematoma |
| my/o muscul/o | muscle | myocardial muscular |
| angi/o vas/o vascul/o | blood vessel | angioplasty vasectomy vasculitis |
| derm/o dermat/o cutane/o | skin | dermis dermatology subcutaneous |
| pneum/o pneumon/o pulmon/o | lung | pneumotomy pneumonia pulmonologist |
| gen/o | creation, cause | pathogenic |
| hydr/o | water | dehydration |
| morph/o | change | morphology |
| necr/o | death | necrosis |
| myc/o | fungus | dermatomycosis |
| orth/o | straight | orthodontist |
| path/o | suffering, disease | pathology |
| phag/o | eat | aphagia |
| plas/o | formation | hyperplasia |
| py/o | pus | pyorrhea |
| scler/o | hard | scleroderma |
| sten/o | narrowing | stenosis |
| troph/o | nourishment, development | trophology, hypertrophy |
| xen/o | foreign | xenograft |
| -ac | pertaining to | cardiac |
| -al | pertaining to | skeletal |
| -ar | pertaining to | muscular |
| -ary | pertaining to | pulmonary |
| -eal | pertaining to | esophageal |
| -ic | pertaining to | medic |
| -tic | pertaining to | neurotic |
| -ous | pertaining to | subcutaneous |
| -ia | condition | pneumonia |
| -ium | tissue, structure | pericardium |
| -y | condition, procedure | hypertrophy |
| -ism | condition | autism |
| -icle | small | ventricle |
| -ole | small | arteriole |
| -ule | small | pustule |
| -ula | small | uvula |
| -iatrics | medical science | pediatrics |
| -iatry | medical science | psychiatry |
| -iatrist | specialist in medicine of | psychiatrist |
| -ist | specialist | dentist |
| -logistic | specialist in the study of | psychologist |
| -logy | study of | psychology |
| -algia | pain | myalgia |
| -dynia | pain | gastrodynia |
| -cele | hernia | hydrocele |
| -emia | blood condition | leukemia |
| -iasis | presence of | lithiasis |
| -lysis | loosen, break down | arthritis |
| -malacia | abnormal softening | ostemomalacia |
| -megaly | enlargement | hepatomegaly |
| -oid | resembling | keloid |
| -oma | tumor | melanoma |
| -osis | condition | thrombosis |
| -pathy | disease | myopathy |
| -penia | deficiency | leukopenia |
| -ptosis | drooping | nephroptosis |
| -rrhage | excessive flow | hemorrhage |
| -rrhagia | excessive flow | menorrhagia |
| -rrhea | flow | diarrhea |
| -rrhexis | rupture | metrorrhexis |
| -spasm | involuntary contraction | myospasm |
| -centsis | puncture | amniocentsis |
| -gram | written record | cardiogram |
| -graph | instrument used to produce a record | cardiograph |
| -graphy | writing procedure | cardiographyre |
| -meter | instrument used to measure | cephalometer |
| -metry | process of measuring | cephalometry |
| -scope | instrument used to look | arthoscope |
| -scopy | process of looking | arthroscopy |
| -desis | binding, fixation | arthrodesis |
| -ectomy | removal | vasectomy |
| -pexy | surgical fixation | retinopexy |
| -plasty | reconstruction | rhinoplasty |
| -rrhaphy | suture | herniorrhaphy |
| -stomy | creation of an opening | colostomy |
| -tomy | incision | dermotomy |
| Prefix | a word placed at the beginning of a word when needed to further modify the root | |
| Suffix | ending that gives essential meaning to the term | |
| Prefix: a- an- | not | aphasia anemia |
| anti- contra- | against | antibiotics contraceptive |
| de- | down, away from | dehydration |
| ante- pre- | before | antepartum precondition |
| pro- | before, on behalf of | probiotic |
| brady- | slow | bradycardia |
| tachy- | fast | tachycardia |
| post- | after | postpartum |
| re- | again | rehabilitation |
| ab- | away | abduct |
| ad- | toward | adrenaline |
| circum- peri- | around | circumcision pericardium |
| dia- trans- | through | diagnostic translate |
| e- ec- ex- | out | evoke ectopic exhale |
| ecto- exa- extra- | outside | ectoderm exoskeleton |
| en- endo- intra- | in, inside | enema endocrine intravenous |
| epi- | upon | epididymus |
| sub- | beneath | subcutaneous |
| inter- | between | intercostal |
| bi- | two | bilateral |
| hemi- semi- | half | hemiplegia semilunar |
| hyper- | over | hyperthermia |
| hypo- | under | hypothermia |
| macro- | large | macrotia |
| micro- | small | microdontia |
| mono- uni- | one | monocyte unisex |
| oligo- | few | oligomenorrhea |
| pan- | all | pancytopenia |
| poly- multi- | many | polygraph multicellular |
| con- syn- sym- dys- eu- | with, together | congestion syndrome symmetry dysentery euphoria |
Created by:
TaraNicolle
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