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Med Term Chpt 11

Gastrointestinal System-Gastroenterlogy

TermDefinition
digestion process of carrying food through the body and breaking it into usable parts
gastrointestinal (GI) tract long tube helps with digestion, divide into upper and lower GI tracts
or/o, stomat/o mouth
oral pertains to the mouth
stomatosis inflammation of the mouth
dent/o, odont/o tooth
odontalgia tooth pain
gingiv/o gum
gingivostomatitis inflammation of the mouth and gums
gloss/o, lingu/o tongue
glossopathy disease of the tongue
hypoglossal/sublingual pertaining to below the tongue
esopahg/o esophagus
esophageal pertaining to the esophagus
gastr/o stomach
gastopexy surgical fixation of the stomach
enter/o intestine
dysentery (diarrhea) infection of the small intestine causing diarrhea and bleeding
deuden/o duodenum
duodenectomy removal of the duodenum
jejun/o jejunum
jejunitis inflammation of the jejunum
ile/o ileum
ileotomy incision into the ileum
iletis inflammation of the ileum
col/o, colon/o colon
colorectal carcinoma cancer of the colon and rectum
colonectomy colon removal
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
sigmoidoscope device used to view inside the sigmoid colon
rect/o rectum
rectoplasy surgical repair of the rectum
an/o anus
anal fistual abnormal opening between the rectum and exterior perianal skin
proct/o anus and rectum
procology study of the anus and rectum
proctitis inflammation of the anus and rectum
liver large organ-filters blood of toxins, store sugar in the form of glycogen, creates bile
sial/o saliva
sialoadenitis inflammation of the salivary gland
bil/i, chol/e bile
cholelith gallstone
biligenesis formation of bile
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o abdomen
celiopathy disease of the abdomen
laparoscope device to view the inside of the abdomen
abdominocentesis puncture of the abdomen
cyst/o bladder
cholecystectomy removal of the gallbladder
doch/o duct
choledocholithiasis condition of gallstones in the bile duct
hepat/o, hepatic/o liver
hepatitis inflammation of the liver
pancreat/o pancrease
pancreatolith stone in the pancrease
peritone/o peritoneum
peritoneotomy incision into the periotoneum
stomatodynia mouth pain
esophalgia esophageal pain
cholecystalgia pain in the gallbladder
dyspepsia pain with eating or general nausea
emesis vomiting
diarrhea/constipation irritation of the small intestine -loose, watery stool/stool becomes hard, dry, difficult to pass
obstruction/obstipation blockage, food dsn't pass/gas cannot pass
jaundice yellow coloring of the skin and eyes (gallbladder dysfunction)
aerodontalgia tooth pain associated with exposure to air
aphagia not eating due to mouth/tooth pain
eupepsia/dyspepsia good/bad digestion
hematemesis vomiting of blood
hyperemesis excessive vomiting
enterodynia pain in the intestines
hemorrhoid inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus
rectalgia rectal pain
sialorrhea excessive salivation
cholecystalgia gallbladder pain
ascites excess fluid
gastromalacia softening of the stomach
gastroparesis partial paralysis of the stomach
stomatogastric pertaining to the mouth and stomach
stomatosis mouth condition
glossoplegia paralysis of the tongue
odontoclasis breaking of a tooth
anophony sound from the anus
flatus passing gas
steatorrhea excessive fat discharged in the feces
hempatomalcia/hepatolmegaly/hepatoptosis softening/enlargement/downard displacement of the liver
pancreatolith stone in the pancreas
sialoangiectasis overexpansion of the salivary vessels
sialstenosis narrowing of the salivary glands
cholangiogram/cholecystogram record of the bile vessels (ducts)/bile in gall bladder
cholangiography procedure for recording the bile vessels (ducts)
nasogastric tube hollow tube inserted through the nose and placed into the stomach
dentrifice toothpaste
dentist/orthodontist specialist in teeth/straightening teeth
bariatrics branch of medicine dealing with weight issues
pyloric stenosis narrowing of the sphincter at the base of the stomach
stomatomycosis fungal infection of the mouth
GERD -gastroesophageal reflux disease backward flow of acid from the stomach to the esophagus
gingival hyperplasia over formation of the gums
glossotrichia overdevelopment of bumps on the tongue, making tongue appear to be hairy
colovaginal fistula abnormal opening between the colon and the vagina
celiac disease disease of the intestines due to adverse reaction to gluten
malabsorption incomplete or lack of absorbing nutrients from the intestines
sclerosing cholangitis inflammation and hardening of the bile vessels (ducts)
laparocele abdominal hernia
hepatoma tumor of the liver
cirrhosis liver disease named for the change of color of the liver
celiopathy disease of the abdomen
glossorrhaphy suturing of the tongue
glossotomy incision into the tongue
hemicoletomy surgical removal of half (a portion) of the colon
anoplasty/proctoplasty surgical reconstruction of the anus/anus and rectum
colostomy surgical creation of an opening in the colon
anastomosis creation of an opening, surgical procedure connecting two previously unconnected hollow tubes
rectopexy surgical fixation of the rectum (done to correct a prolapse)
abdominocentesis puncture of the abdomen (usually for the purpose of withdrawing fluid)
Created by: cynmur1110
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