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AP75 Quiz 8.4
Anatomy & Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the process of delivering oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, the respiratory system also helps in what other physiologic processes? | maintenance of blood pH and elimination of heat and water |
| How does the respiratory system help the body regulate temperature, pH, and fluid balance? | each exhale expels carbon dioxide to help balance pH and eliminate heat and water |
| Which respiratory structure houses the structure of voice production in addition to functioning as a passageway for air? | larynx |
| What is the anatomical name for The Voice box? | larynx |
| Pharynx is the anatomical name for what structure? | throat |
| What is the anatomical name for the structure commonly called the windpipe? | trachea |
| What is the functional purpose of the nose and sinuses? | warm and moist and air before it enters lung |
| Which of these is the middle region of the pharynx? | oropharynx |
| What is the function of the epiglottis? | covering the opening to the trachea during swallowing |
| Which of these structures is the Small Tube between bronchioles and alveolis | alveolar ducts |
| Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and blood via what structures? | respiratory membrane |
| The respiratory membrane is formed by what structures? | alveolar and capillary wall |
| The structures of the upper respiratory tract are colon | nose, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx |
| Which term describes the process of moving air into and out of the lungs? | ventilation |
| What change occurs in the thoracic cavity when the diaphragm contracts? | the cavity increases in size |
| What are the two parts of ventilation? | inspiration and expiration |
| Which of these skeletal muscles are considered the primary muscles of ventilation? | diaphragm and intercostals |
| Which skeletal muscle exerts the strongest force on expanding the rib cage and is considered the primary muscle for inspiration? | diaphragm |
| Which muscles Elevate the rib cage for inhaling? | external intercostals and pectoralis minor |
| Which of these statements is the best reason for manual therapists to study the anatomy and physiology of the digestive system? | abdominal viscera and common sources of referred pain |
| Although most forms of manual therapy generally have a limited impact on the digestive system, which forms have been demonstrated to stimulate the most measurable changes in organ or system functions? | Zone and Meridian Therapies |
| Which of these answers best summarizes the functions of the digestive system? | provides Nutrients for cellular medical metabolism, assists in regulating body temperature, and eliminating solid waste |
| What digestive process is described as the mixing and forward movement of substances through the GI tract? | motility |
| The double fold of peritoneum that supports most of the small intestine via its attachment to the posterior side of the abdominal cavity is called the __________________. | mesentery |
| What are the functions of the large intestine? | absorption of water and elimination |
| What digestive organ carries out segmentation, peristalsis, and absorption? | small intestine |
| Where does the chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin? | mouth |
| Where does the chemical digestion of protein begin? | stomach |
| Besides elimination, what is the other function of the large intestine | absorption of water |
| What is the name of the valve between the small and large intestines? | iliocecal |
| The majority of digestion and absorption occurs in which organ? | small intestine |
| The first section of the small intestine is the______________. | duodenum |
| The esophageal sphincter between the stomach and the esophagus is also known as the low esophageal, gastroesophageal, or__________________ sphincter. | cardiac |
| What term is used for chewed up mixture of food and saliva that is swallowed? | bolus |
| The term for the mostly liquid mixture of food and digestive enzymes that enters the small intestines __________________. | chyme |
| What is the name for the portion of the colon between the rectum and the descending colon? | sigmoid |
| What is the name of the straight distal portion of the colon just proximal to the anus? | rectum |
| Which of these organs is an accessory digestive organ? | salivary glands |
| What is the definition of basal metabolic rate, or bmr? | Baseline amount of energy needed by the body to support basic life functions |
| Which nutrient is generally the body's last choice for producing energy? | proteins |
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