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Chapter 2
Medical Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| human body | composed of cells, tissues, organs, and systems |
| cells | form tissues |
| tissues | form organs |
| organs | come together to form systems |
| cell | fundamental unit of all living things |
| human body | composed of cells, tissues, organs, and systems |
| cells | form tissues |
| tissues | form organs |
| Histology | study of tissue |
| organs | come together to form systems |
| cell | fundamental unit of all living things |
| muscular tissue | produces movement in the body through contraction or shortening length, and is composed of individual muscle cells |
| Cytology | study of cells |
| muscle fibers | muscle cells in the muscular tissue |
| cell membrane | outermost boundary of cell |
| Histology | study of tissue |
| Internal organs | contains smooth muscle |
| four types of tissue in the body | muscular tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue |
| muscular tissue | produces movement in the body through contraction or shortening length, and is composed of individual muscle cells |
| muscle fibers | muscle cells in the muscular tissue |
| skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle | three basics types of muscle |
| Internal organs | contains smooth muscle |
| Bones | contains skeletal muscle |
| Heart | contains cardiac muscles |
| Epithelial tissue/epithelium | composed of close-packed cells that form the covering for and lining of body structures |
| bones | provides structural support for the whole body |
| cartilage | shock absorber in joints |
| tendons | tightly connect skeletal muscle to bones |
| adipose | provides protectives padding around body structures |
| nervous tissue | made up of cells called neurons and forms the brain, spinal cord, and network of nerves |
| anatomical position | describing the positions and relationships of structures in the human body |
| vertical planes | front to back and divides the body into right and left portions |
| midsagittal/median plane | sagittal plane passes through middle of the body, divides, it into equal right and left halves |
| sagittal plane | cuts along the sagittal plane |
| frontal plane/coronal plane | front and back portion. lengthwise plane running side to side |
| frontal/coronal section | cut along the frontal plane |
| travers plane/horizontal plane | crosswise plane that runs parallel to the ground |
| transverse section | cut along the transverse plane |
| cross section and longitudal section | frequently used to describe internal views of structures |
| cranial cavity | contains the brain |
| dorsal cavity | has cranial cavity and spinal cavity |
| ventricle cavity | thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity |
| thoracic cavity | two lungs and central region |
| mediastrinum | central layer between two lungs |
| diaphragm | actual physical wall between thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity |
| viscera | internal organs in the main cavities of the body |
| pleura | membrane lines in the thoracic cavity |
| peritoneum | membrane lines in the abdominal cavity |
| parietal layer | outer layer lines the cavities |
| visceral layer | inner layer that encases the viscera |
| pleural cavity | contains the lungs |
| pericardial cavity | contains the heart |
| route of adminstration | method by which a drug is introduced into the body |
Created by:
anichols23
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