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WHAG-25a
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jethro Tull | invents "seed drill" (a planting machine) in 1701 in England |
| James Watt | greatly improves steam engine designs in the 1760's in Scotland |
| Eli Whitney | invents cotton gin in America in 1793 |
| Robert Bakewell | genetically engineered livestock in the early 1700's in England |
| John Kay | developed flying shuttle in 1733 in England |
| Robert Fulton | invented first powered boat in America in 1807 |
| Manchester | English city, center of textile industry |
| Laissez-faire | idea of giving maximum freedom to people to buy and sell as they please ("free market") |
| Adam Smith | economist who saw benefits for society from Laissez-faire |
| William Wilberforce | English leader working to end slavery |
| Communism | extreme socialism |
| Socialism | idea that the government, not the people, should own property, and markets should not be free |
| urbanization | cities grow during Industrial Revolution |
| Reform | political movement to reduce child labor, make factories safer, and improve working conditions |
| mining | source of coal and iron, necessary for industrialization |
| unionization | workers can bargain for better wages when they negotiate collectively instead of individually |
| equilibrium | when there is free competition, and when the laws of supply-and-demand are unobstructed, they create maximum wealth |
| capitalism | system in which you are allowed to invest your money into starting a new business or factory |
| corporation | a large business owned by many people; each owns a small percentage of it |
| stock | the percentage of a corporation owned by one individual person |