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AP World Vocabulary
AP World Vocabulary Units 1-4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dar al-Islam | Countries where Muslims can practice religion freely (house of peace). |
| Filial Piety | Confucian thought/virtue that emphasizes love, respect, and support from parents and ancestors. |
| Bhakti Movement | Hindu devotional movement that emphasized music, dance, poetry, and rituals to achieve union with the divine. Started with the objective to reform or at least change specific aspects of Hinduism. |
| Feudalism | A structured society around a series of exchanges where military class agreed with landlords to protect their land in exchange for land. |
| Fiefs | Land that was exchanged in feudalism and were farmed by peasants who were allowed to live there in exchange for taxes. |
| Serfdom | Type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection. Often not allowed to leave or pursue a new occupation. |
| Foot Binding | Imperial Chinese upper-class women act that stunted the growth of feet and showed that upper class didn't need their feet to work (lotus feet) |
| Greco-Roman Philosophy | Based on logic, empirical observation, and nature of political power and hierarchy. Strived for imperial expansion and the quest for practical solutions to political control. |
| Silk Road | Ancient trade route that connected Asia with Europe and connected many people from the Pacific Ocean on the shores of eastern China to those of Western Europe via the Mediterranian Sea. Traded silk and porcelain. |
| Indian Ocean Trade | World's richest maritime trading network and forged strong economic, social, and religious ties between lands. Also rapidly expanded Islam and helped birth city-states along the African shore. |
| Diasporic Communities | Formed when merchants introduced cultural traditions into indigenous cultures where they were selling their goods. (Muslim merchant communities in the Indian Ocean region and along the Silk Road). |
| Inca Roads | Connected the Inca Empire (1438-1533) to centers of Incan control and was brought by the growth of Inca's imperial power and the desire to instigate trade in commercial goods. |
| Imperialism | Establishment of colonial empires. |
| Marco Polo | One of the most famous European travelers to make it to eastern China (Mongol) and wanted to open cultural and economic trade. His writings inspired future explorers such as Christopher Columbus |
| Bubonic Plague | Global epidemic that struck Europe and Asia in mid-1300s. Came from Mongol rats during the Middle Ages. Killed 1/3 Europe's population. |
| Mercantalism | Argued that governments should regulate that economy and use beneficial trade to oust rival nations. These states often found themselves going to war with one another over resources in order to maintain political supremacy. |
| Ivan (IV) the Terrible | Russia's first tsar that confirmed the power of the tsarist autocracy and established contacts with Western European commerce and culture. Killed his only heir and launched Russia into a time of troubles. |
| Ming Dynasty | Ruled in China from 1368-1644 and China's population doubled. Expanded China's trade and tied deep networks to the outside world such as the West. Shaped Chinese culture, drama, literature, and world-renowned porcelain. |
| Qing Dynasty | Ruled in China from 1644-1911 and ruled by Emperor Kangxi. Established the standardization of the Han language. Also displayed great military power and attempted to fix corruption and governmental excess. |
| Manchu Empire | Revolted against Qing Dynasty (17th century-1912). Foreign pressure put strains on empire and many Chinese blamed them for giving European powers too much control in their country. |
| Ottoman Empire | Grew into Islamic superpower and maintained control over regions in Middle East, Eastern Europe, and North Africa. Had a sultan; given absolute religious, political, and social power over their regions. |
| Mehmed II | Famous Ottoman sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453 and destroyed Byzantine Empire. |
| 95 Theses | 1517- Martin Luther nailed a piece of paper onto a church door; which was 95 revolutionary suggestions designed to correct the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church. |
| Atlantic Slave Trade | Transportation, enslavement, and sale of African people by white slave traders mainly to the Americas. Followed triangular trade route and the Middle Passage. Conditions were brutal and unsanitary, |
| United Fruit Company | US company that dominated the international fruit and banana trade in the early 20th century. Influenced the politics, economics, and social structures of many Latin American nations and encouraged the growth of roads and telecommunications. |
| Cash Crop | Any crop or agricultural product that created cash flow such as sugar. Had devastating effects on the environment, local economy, and health of populations and required forced labor systems. |
| Joint-Stock Companies | Capitalism was built and globalization flourished in 15th century Europe. Funded exploration projects throughout the world and investors worked with colonists to extract goods for profit (British Virginia Company). |
| East India Company | England gained a piece of profit that Spain and Portugal held in India and settled up trading posts throughout East and Southeast Asia. Established political strongholds and was an active agent of British imperialism in India. |
Created by:
o.t.2001
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