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APWH Unit 1

APWH Terms

QuestionAnswer
State An organized political community
Song Dynasty Dynasty that ruled China throughout ancient history
Civil Service Exam Song Dynasty exam that you had to pass in order to serve in the government.
Neo-Confucianism The revamp of Confucianism by the Song Dynasty that helped legitimize power
Confucianism Ideas Society is hierarchal. Superiors and inferiors. Women must obey men, men must obey kings, kings must obey Gods. Harmony depended on these relationships.
Filial Piety Emphasized the need for children to obey and honor older parents, figures, and ancestors
Shoe-Binding A form of oppression for women in China. Was very popular in elite social circles.
Korea's adaptations from China Adopted the Civil Service Exam and Buddhism
Basic Beliefs of Buddhism Four Noble Truths. Suffering is the pain, desire is the cause. Reincarnation, eventually achieve Nirvana.
Theravada Buddhism Serious Buddhists, lived in secluded monasteries and focused on achieving Nirvana.
Mahayana Buddhism Occurred in East Asia, encouraged everyday people to become Buddhist.
Economy of Song China Quickly commercialized, sold porcelain and silk. Also had iron and steel centers.
Grand Canal Built in China, greatly helped facilitate trade.
Champa Rice Introduced to Song Dynasty from Vietnam, much easier to grow and harvest in larger amounts. Caused huge population boom
Monotheistic Religion Included Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. All were practiced in Dar-Al-Islam
Abbasid Caliphate Had begun to dissolve by 1200, was eventually destroyed by the Mongols.
New Islamic Political Entities Those that replaced the Abbasid caliphate were ethnically Turk not Arab
Seljuik Empire Were Turks who initially were enlisted to help the dying Abbasid Caliphate, ended up creating their own empire
Sharia Law Legal code based on Quran.
Inventions of Dar-Al-Islam Trigonometry, created House of Wisdom which translated ancient Greek texts about philosophy and medicine
Expansions in the Islamic World Empires spread through military expansions (Seljuiks), Islam was spread through merchants and missionaries.
3 Main Religions in Asia Hinduism, Islam, and Buddhism
Delhi Sultanate Caused Islam to become a religion of the elite. Majority of the population was Hindu.
Khmer Empire Began as a Hindu empire, but eventually adopted Buddhism,
Aztec Empire Decentralized rule, expanded across Southern America. Conquered peoples were sometimes enslaved as well as forced to pay tribute.
Incan Empire The Inca's had an elaborate bureaucracy that controlled many farming regions. They were highly centralized in how they ruled.
Mississippian Culture Built mounds unique to their culture and focused heavily on agriculture.
Swahili Civilization Grew powerful due to Indian-Ocean Trade. Language was a blend of Bantu and Arabic. Very influenced by merchants from Dar-Al-Islam.
Ghana, Mali, Songhay Powerful and highly centralized. Elites of these societies were Islam, but subjects often believed in native religions.
Hausa Kingdom Decentralized city states, acted as brokers in the Trans-Saharan trade.
Great Zimbabwe Became wealthy due to trade, farming, and cattle herding. (Same to other African nations) But most rulers never adopted Islam. (Different)
Ethiopia Same: Grew through trade, had a monarchy, and strict hierarchy Different: They were Christians
Byzantine Empire Powerful empire in the east, practiced Orthodox Christianity
Roman Catholicism Mainly practiced in the west, was the most powerful entity following the fall of Rome
Islam: In the West? Mainly practiced in the Iberian peninsula
Jews in the West Faced much anti-semitism
Feudalism Powerful lords gained allegiance from poor people (vassals). Vassals got land in exchange for military service.
Manorialism Economic system where peasants were bound to the land and worked in exchange for the Lord's protection.
Serfdom Those tied to the land.
Created by: Camille G
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