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Medical Terms Ch 11

The Gastrointestinal System

TermDefinition
gastrointestinal system takes in and breaks down food to provide energy
or/o, stomat/o mouth
dent/o, odont/o tooth
gingiv/o gum
gloss/o, lingu/o tongue
esophag/o esophagus
gastr/o stomach
enter/o intestine
duoden/o duodenum
jejun/o jejunum
ile/o ileum
col/o, colon/o colon
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
rect/o rectum
an/o anus
proct/o anus and rectum
liver produces bile, rids of dangerous toxins, and stores energy
pancreas enzymes to break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
sial/o saliva
bil/i, chol/e bile, gall
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o abdomen
cyst/o bladder
doch/o duct
hepat/o, hepatic/o liver
pancreat/o pancreas
peritone/o peritoneum
cholecyst- gallbladder
dyspepia pain with eating or general nausea
emesis vomiting
eupepsia good digestion
dyspepsia bad digestion
aphagia not eating
dysentery another name for diarrhea
hemorrhoid inflammation of veins surrounding anus
jaundice, icterus yellowing of skin, tissue, and fluids due to increased bilirubin levels
anophony sound from anus
flatus passing gas
hernia protrusion of organ through the wall that normally contains it
ascites retention of fluid in peritoneum
fecal occult blood test (FOBT) test of feces to discover blood not visibly apparent
bariatrics medicine dealing with weight issues
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) backward flow of acid from stomach to esophagus (acid reflux)
fistula any abnormal passageway in the body
eneterocele hernia of intestine
diverticulosis condition of having diverticula in the colon
celiac disease disease of intestines due to an adverse reaction to gluten
cirrhosis liver disease named for change of color of liver
antacid agent that neutralizes acid
antiemetic prevents nausea and vomiting
cathartic produces bowel movements
-clasis breaking
NPO (nihil per os) nothing by mouth
N&V nausea and vomiting
PUD peptic ulcer disease
HAV, HBV, HCV hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C
Created by: kayhun3437
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