click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Medical Terms Ch 11
The Gastrointestinal System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
gastrointestinal system | takes in and breaks down food to provide energy |
or/o, stomat/o | mouth |
dent/o, odont/o | tooth |
gingiv/o | gum |
gloss/o, lingu/o | tongue |
esophag/o | esophagus |
gastr/o | stomach |
enter/o | intestine |
duoden/o | duodenum |
jejun/o | jejunum |
ile/o | ileum |
col/o, colon/o | colon |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
rect/o | rectum |
an/o | anus |
proct/o | anus and rectum |
liver | produces bile, rids of dangerous toxins, and stores energy |
pancreas | enzymes to break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates |
sial/o | saliva |
bil/i, chol/e | bile, gall |
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o | abdomen |
cyst/o | bladder |
doch/o | duct |
hepat/o, hepatic/o | liver |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
peritone/o | peritoneum |
cholecyst- | gallbladder |
dyspepia | pain with eating or general nausea |
emesis | vomiting |
eupepsia | good digestion |
dyspepsia | bad digestion |
aphagia | not eating |
dysentery | another name for diarrhea |
hemorrhoid | inflammation of veins surrounding anus |
jaundice, icterus | yellowing of skin, tissue, and fluids due to increased bilirubin levels |
anophony | sound from anus |
flatus | passing gas |
hernia | protrusion of organ through the wall that normally contains it |
ascites | retention of fluid in peritoneum |
fecal occult blood test (FOBT) | test of feces to discover blood not visibly apparent |
bariatrics | medicine dealing with weight issues |
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | backward flow of acid from stomach to esophagus (acid reflux) |
fistula | any abnormal passageway in the body |
eneterocele | hernia of intestine |
diverticulosis | condition of having diverticula in the colon |
celiac disease | disease of intestines due to an adverse reaction to gluten |
cirrhosis | liver disease named for change of color of liver |
antacid | agent that neutralizes acid |
antiemetic | prevents nausea and vomiting |
cathartic | produces bowel movements |
-clasis | breaking |
NPO (nihil per os) | nothing by mouth |
N&V | nausea and vomiting |
PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
HAV, HBV, HCV | hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C |