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Medical Terms Ch 10

The Respiratory System

TermDefinition
adenoid/o adenoid (resembling a gland)
tonsill/o tonsil
nas/o, rhin/o nose or nasal passage (heat, humidify, and filter incoming air)
laryng/o larynx (voice box)
pharyng/o pharynx (throat)
trache/o trachea (windpipe)
sept/o septum
sin/o, sinus/o sinus
pnuem/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o air or lung
pulmon/o lungs
lob/o lobe
bronch/o, bronci/o bronchus
bronchiol/o bronchiole (little bronchi)
alveol/o alveolus (air sac)
stern/o sternum (breastbone)
cost/o rib
thorac/o, pector/o (pectus), steth/o chest
pleur/o pleura (membrane surrounding the lungs)
phren/o diaphragm
ox/o oxygen
spir/o, -pnea breathing
capn/o, carb/o carbon dioxide
nares nostrils
turbinates tube-shaped cartilage inside nose that humidifies and filter air
Respiratory System bring in oxygen, take out CO2
vascular large amounts of blood vessels that heat incoming air
hairs filter out dust and particles
mucus humidifies air, traps dirt and pathogens from air
Inspiration to breathe in
Expiration to breathe out
Dysphonia bad voice (hoarseness)
Epistaxis nosebleed
Hemoptysis coughing up blood
Sputum mucus coughed from lungs
Expectoration coughing/ spitting up material from lungs
Retraction sign of respiratory distress
pectus carinatum sternum protrudes
pectus excavatum sternum is hollowed
pulmonary edema swelling of lungs (tissue becomes wet)
chylothorax chyle in chest (milky-white appearance)
empyema, pyothorax pus in chest
hemothorax blood in chest
pleural effusion large amount of fluid in pleural space
PFT Pulmonary Function Test
Ventilation-perfusion scan (VQ scan) tests if a problem in lungs is due to airflow (ventilation) or blood flow (perfusion)
pleuritis, pleurisy inflammation of pleura
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary diease
emphysema loss of elasticity in alveoli, difficulty exhaling
antitussives prevents cough
expectorant encourages expulsion of lung material
mucolytic breaks down mucus
brinchodilator expands wall of bronchi
intubate to insert a breathing tube
PE pulmonary embolism
Bx biopsy
Created by: kayhun3437
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