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Eye and Ear patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cataract | Clouding of lens from abnormal protein deposits. |
| What type of disease is Cataract? | Idiopathic |
| Can animals get Cataract? | Yes |
| What are the symptoms of Cataract? | Cloudy, blurred, impaired vision |
| Can you live with Cataract? | Yes, if it is mild |
| What is the tx for Cataract? | Tx is surgery, which is very successful and easy. Replacing the lens with a cadaverous one, |
| Who does Cataract happen to? | Don't know who is going to get this. it is believed that it is a predisposition if your family member has it. |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | Ruptured capillaries inside of eye from untreated diabetes that can result in progressive vision loss |
| How do you diagnose Diabetic Retinopathy? | Look at the retina with the ophthalmoscope |
| Ectropion | Eversion of the eyelid (turns outward) |
| Entropion | Inversion of the eyelid (turns inward) |
| In what scenario should you get surgery for entropion? | If it gets to the point where your lashes pokes your eye |
| What type of disease is Ectropion and Entropion? | Idiopathic |
| In who does Ectropion occur? | Older people |
| Glaucoma | Disease where intraocular pressure causes damage to the retina and optic nerve if left untreated. Can resort in blindness |
| What are the symptoms of Glaucoma? | There are typically no symptoms, unless the pressure gets really high. |
| What type of disease is Glaucoma? | Idiopathic |
| What is the tx for Glaucoma? | Eye drops |
| Hordeolum | Inflammation of an oil gland in the eyelid (stye) |
| Macular Degeneration | Progressive, age related deterioration of the macula, or fovea centralis |
| What is the sx of Macular Degeneration? | Lose ability to see the most clearly |
| Refractive Disorder | Disorder of irregularly shaped cornea or lens that affects the way light enters the eye and also the shape of the eye |
| Astigmatism | Defective curvature of cornea producing blurred vision. Light does not bend properly |
| Hyperopia | Condition of shortened eyeball shape; results in farsightedness, can't see up close |
| What is farsightedness? | Where you cannot see up close, but can see things in the distance. |
| Myopia | Condition of elongated eyeball shape that results in nearsightnedness |
| What is nearsightedness? | Where you can see things up close, but cannot see things in the distance |
| Presbyopia | Far sightedness in old people from reduced elasticity in lens |
| In who does Presbyopia occur? | People of old age |
| Retinal detachment | Emergency condition of eye which the retina spontaneously pulls away from the choroid layer of blood vessels. |
| What will happen if Retinal detachment is not treated IMMEDIATELY? | Blindness |
| Does Retinal Detachment cause pain? | No |
| Strabismus | Misalignment of eyes d/t muscle weakness. Cross eyed |
| Acoustic Neuroma | Benign tumor that grows on the auditory nerve; results in hearing loss, ringing in ear, balance problems |
| Can you treat acoustic neuroma? | No, because it is in an inoperable area, the pt just has to live with it |
| Cholesteatoma | A cyst in the middle ear consisting of skin cells and serumen. Can damage ossicles without tx |
| Can you treat Cholesteatoma? | Yes, because it is in an operable area |
| Conductive deafness | Due to ossicles not functioning properly, d/t scarring of the joints. (overuse and abuse) difficult to hear something at a low decibel |
| What is the tx for Conductive deafness? | Hearing aid |
| How do hearing aids work? | They amplify low sounds and don't do anything to loud sounds. |
| Nerve deafness | from damage to cochlea or auditory nerve... or you are born with this type. AKA Sensorineural hearing loss |
| What is the tx for nerve deafness? | Cochlear implant, if you are a candidate for it |
| Where is a cochlear implant placed? | It is drilled into the cranium |
| What needs to be in tact in order to get a cochlear implant? | The nerve |
| Impacted cerumen | Wax gets so concentrated and stuck deep in the canal. Can be a problem for hearing. |
| Meniere's disease | Back up of fluid in cochlea and canals producing vertigo. |
| What is the tx for Meniere's disease | There is no tx, although medicine can be given to help with nauseousness and anxiety. Ex. Xanax, antiemetic |
| What do audiologists say the maximum decibel is for the ear to get and stay healthy? | 85 decibels |
| Tinnitus | Ringing in ear |
| Vertigo | Dizziness |
| Otitis media | Ear infection. Is a problem of the inner ear, usu children. |
| What is the tx for Otitis media? | "Tubes" Myringotomy; draining tube |
| Why are children more susceptible for ear infection? | Because their Eustachian tube is more horizontal instead of vertical |
| Augesia | Absence of taste |
| Anosmia | Absence of smell |
| Dysgeusia | Difficulty tasting |
| Hyperosmia | Excessive smell |
| Hyposmia | Deficient smell |
| Neuropathy | Disease of nerves |
| Ishihara Color Vision Test | Check for color blindness. The circles with colored numbers in them |
| Visual Acuity test | Snellen test, chart. The chart with letters progressively getting smaller |
| Audiometry | Headphones with beep test, sound proof booth |
| LASIK | Laser in Situ Keratotomy; laser correction of refractive disorders |
| Ophthalmoscope | Instrument used to see inside the eye |
| Visual field test | H in space, pin, wiggly fingers, check to see field of vision |
| Otoscope | Instrument used to look inside ear |
| Otorhinolaryngologist | ENT ear, nose, throat doctor. MD that does all surgery |
| Audiologist | Masters degree, prescribes hearing aids, does tests, can be independent. Isn't a doctor. CANNOT give surgery or prescription medicine |
Created by:
kristabel
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