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Medical Terms Ch 4

Musculoskeletal System

TermDefinition
Epiphysis end of bones
Diaphysis middle of bone (shaft)
Metaphysis neck, connects diaphysis and epiphysis
Skeleton framework for the body
Axial center
Appendicular arms and legs
Oste/o- bone
Crani/o- skull
Cervic/o- neck
Spondyl/o- vertebrae
Lumb/o- loin
Brachi/o- arm
Dactyl/o- finger
Carp/o- wrist
Cost/o- ribs
Femur/o- femur, thigh
Tibi/o- tibia, calf
Tars/o- ankle
Joints where two bones meet
Chondr/o- cartilage
Arthr/o- joint
Burs/o- bursa
Ten/o-, tend/o-, tendin/o- tendon
Muscul/o-, my/o-, myos/o- muscle
Fasci/o- fascia
Kinesi/o-, kinet/o- movement
Ton/o- tone, tension, pressure
Tax/o- coordination
Ankyl/o- stiff, bent
Atrophy decrease in size
Hypertrophy increase in size
genu valgum knock knees
genu varum bowleggedness
Kyphosis hunchback, curvature of the upper back
Lordosis exaggerated inward curve of the spine
Scoliosis curvature of the lower back
Syndactyly webbed or conjoined finger/ toes
Polydactyly having an extra finger/ toe
Spondylytis disease affecting the joints of the spine
Carpitis inflammation of the carpal joint (wrist)
Analgesic drug that reduces pain
Anti-inflammitory drug that counteracts inflammation
Anipyretic drug that reduces fever
Antiarthritic drug used to prevent joint pain/stiffness
Closed reduction a procedure to line up the ends of bones without surgery
Open reduction repositioning of the bones during surgery
External fixation a surgery to help stabilize and support fractured bones
Internal fixation reconnecting the bones, may include plates, rods, screws
Orthotics a support, brace, splint
Prosthesis a device such as an artificial leg
Transverse bone fracture run opposite direction of bone, complete fracture
Oblique fractue the break is curved or sloped
Spiral fracture one part of the bone has been twisted at the break point
Angulated fracture two ends of broken bone are at an angle from each other
Displaced fracture the broken bone moves out of place
Created by: kayhun3437
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