Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
lecture 3
Muscular System - Defintions
| Name | Function/Action |
|---|---|
| Movement | a result of muscular contraction. relies on the functioning of the muscles, bones and joints. |
| Maintaining posture | stabilising joints, posture and balance through continued partial muscle contraction. |
| Heat production | also known as thermogenesis. Helps maintain normal body temperature |
| Storage of substances | glycogen and oxygen |
| Contractility | ability to contract (shorten). |
| Excitability | ability to conduct an electrical current. Nerve impulses cause muscles to contract. |
| Extensibility | ability to stretch without being damaged. |
| Elasticity | ability to return to original length and shape after contraction or extension (spring). |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| Aerobic respiration | with oxygen present |
| Anaerobic respiration | the absence of oxygen |
| Creatine phosphate | protein unique to muscles and is an energy storage form |
| muscle hypertrophy | also known as muscle growth |
| Creatinine | by-product from the breakdown of creatine phosphate |
| Occipitofrontalis | raises eyebrows |
| Orbicularis oculi | closes eyes |
| Orbicularis oris | closes/pouts lips |
| masseter | mastication/chewing |
| Temporalis | mastication/chewing |
| Sternocleidomastoid | turns and tilts head |
| Trapezius | Pulls head backwards. Elevates (shrugs) and retracts shoulders. |
| Supraspinatus | Initial abduction of shoulder |
| Psoas | Hip flexor (pulls thigh towards trunk) |
| Latissimus dorsi | Extends, adducts and internally rotates arms |
| Quadratus lumborum | Bending backwards or sideways (vertebral extension or lateral flexion). |
| Erector spinae | Extension of the vertebral column. Keeps spine upright |
| Pectoralis major | Draws arms forward: Shoulder flexion and medial rotation. |
| Rectus abdominis | Vertebral flexion: Bending forward (crunches). |
| Internal and external obliques | Rotation, bending sideways. |
| Deltoid | Flexion, abduction and extension of shoulder joint. |
| Biceps brachii | Stabilises shoulder joint; flexion and supination of forearm |
| Triceps brachii | Arm abduction; extends elbow |
| Flexor carpi muscle | Flexes the hand at the wrist joint |
| Extensor carpi muscle | Extends the hand at the wrist joint |
| Gluteus maximus | External rotation, abduction and extension of the hip joint. |
| Piriformis | Externally rotates hips |
| Hamstring | Bends knee (flexes knee) |
| Rectus femoris | Flexes hip and extends knee |
| Thigh abductors | Squeeze the thighs together |
| Tibialis anterior | Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot (and supports medial arch of foot). |
| Soleus | Plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle. |
| Gastrocnemius | Flexes leg at the knee. Plantar flexion of foot. |
| intercalated discs | Cardiac muscle cells are joined end-to-end by specialised structures |
| hyperplasia | increase in number |
| myocytes | mature cells |
| myoblasts | immature cells that fuse with other myoblasts to create myocytes |
| sarcolemma | cell membrane in muscle cell/fibre |
| transverse tubules | tubes that extend from cell membrane into muscle cells |
| sarcoplasmic reticulum | stores calcium needs for muscle contraction |
| myoglobin | Contains red coloured, iron and oxygenbinding protein |
| myofibrils | cylindrical structures formed of bundles of protein filaments within the muscle fibre. |
| myofilaments | smaller filaments |
| actin | thin filaments |
| myosin | thick filaments |
| sarcomeres | basic unit of striated muscle |
| fascia | dense sheet of connective tissue that organises muscle, secures it to skin and provides stability |
Created by:
kirstywilkinson
Popular Medical sets