Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
World History
Medieval and Early Modern Civilizations
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Christianity and Europe: Christianity in the forth and fifth century | By the fourth century, Emperor Constantine had legitimized Christianity, and after the fall of Rome in the fifth century, Christianity became the dominant religion in Europe. |
| Islam and the Middle Ages | Islam developed in Arabia in the seventh century but reached its golden age in the mid-eighth century. While western Europe was in a “dark age,” Islam preserved and increased our scientific knowledge. |
| The Renaissance | The Renaissance, meaning “rebirth,” began in Italy in the fourteenth century. It was an attempt to revive the culture of classical antiquity after the dark period of the Middle Ages. |
| The Enlightenment | The seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Enlightenment, or age of reason, was a cultural movement that laid the groundwork for the overthrow of monarchies and the introduction of a market system. |
| Early Modern Capitalism | Merchant capitalism began to replace feudalism by the sixteenth century. European merchants made their wealth by trading spices and other commodities with Asia and Africa and through the slave trade. |
| European Colonialism: The Industrial Revolution | The Industrial Revolution created a demand in Europe for raw materials from non-European soil. European colonialism from the 1700s focused on bringing raw materials from Africa and Asia, to be manufactured in Europe then sold to colonial nations. |
| Democracy | Ancient Athens, Native Americans, and others had forms of political organization based on the concept of democracy, from the Greek meaning “rule of the people". Some large state societies practice variants of democracy, such as representative, not direct. |
| Andean Highland Civilization | |
| Mesoamerican Civilization | |
| Arabian Civilization | |
| African Civilization | |
| Japanese Civilization | Japan during the “Dark Ages” (the period between 600 A.D. – 1400 A.D.) … |
| Chinese Civilization | |
| The Magna Carta | The Magna Carta, introduced in England in 1215, challenged the undemocratic authority of the monarch and established the right of individuals to due process, meaning the government cannot harm any individual unless it strictly follows law. |
| Christianity and Europe: The rise to power of the Roman Catholic Church | The rise to power of the Roman Catholic Church depended on a combination of its political alliances with powerful emperors and its consistent persecution of “heretics”—any individual or group with whom the church disagreed on issues of doctrine. |
| The Catholic Church during the Middle Ages | By eliminating all rivals, aligning with kings and emperors, and building its land and tax base, the Catholic Church grew. From 1095 -1291, the church organized a series of military campaigns(the Crusades), against Muslims in the Middle East. |
| What did the Crusades fail and achieve to do? | The church’s attempt to conquer Muslim lands failed, but the Crusades had an important political, economic, and social impact. They opened up once closed trade routes Europe to the East and brought Eastern mathematics, optics, architecture, and medicine. |
| Islam and the Middle Ages: Trade and the Arts | Islamic cities and states developed their merchant class and built extensive trade networks throughout Africa and Asia. Islamic artists mastered in ceramics, glass, metallurgy, textiles, calligraphy, illuminated manuscripts, and woodworking. |
| Islam and the Middle Ages: Scientists | Scientists advanced in trigonometry, algebra, astronomy, and optics, and physicians translated the works of Galen and Hippocrates, from the Greek to Arabic. They added their own medical knowledge to this work, and preserved the tradition for centuries. |
| The Renaissance: What does Humanist refer to? | Renaissance scholars were humanists, meaning they recognized the importance of the human mind in understanding the world, and they based their analysis of literature and science on reason and empirical evidence. |
| The Renaissance: When were some people important during the Renaissance? | The arts flourished during this period, in part because the Catholic Church were patrons. Political theorists like Niccolò Machiavelli and Thomas More, and poets and writers like Dante Alighieri, Giovanni Boccaccio, and Francesco Petrarch were important. |
| The Scientific Revolution: The Printing Press | The printing press, introduced into Europe by Johannes Gutenberg around 1440, helped bring literacy to the masses and spread scientific knowledge among intellectuals, and it laid the groundwork for the scientific revolution and the Enlightenment. |
| The Scientific Revolution | The scientific revolution, beginning in the sixteenth century, grew out of the Renaissance and brought changes to research and experimentation in the sciences, especially physics, mathematics, astronomy, biology, medicine, and chemistry. |
| The Scientific Revolution: Some of the major findings | The earth revolves around the sun. Matter is composed of atoms, not elements. Bodies move with same laws of physics. Blood circulates from arteries to veins in one system. An object will resist any change in its motion from outside forces. |
| The Enlightenment: Opposed religion | Intellectuals emphasized reason and empirical observation, and opposed religious superstition and dogma. |
| The Enlightenment: In other Countries | Enlightenment ideas circulated throughout North America, Europe, and Russia, there were a few central concepts: freedom, democracy, rationality, and the notion that rights are based on a social contract rather than divine right. |
| Early Modern Capitalism: Mercantilism to Industrial Revolution | Merchants accumulated big amounts of capital through trade and slavery, and invest it in industry by the time of the Industrial Revolution, around 1750. By the 1700s, mercantilism declined, and industrial capitalism became dominant in Europe. |
| European Colonialism: Repercussions of the Industrial Revolution | The introduction into colonial countries of European-made goods devastated local craft businesses and created poverty in what are today called Third World countries. India is a good example of this process. |
| Democracy | Using reason, and believing in liberty and equality, they argued that all people are created equal. The Magna Carta and the values of the Enlightenment became a model for the U.S. Constitution. |
Created by:
arielhill
Popular World History sets