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Ericas muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| contractility | shorten with force. |
| excitability | respond to a stimulus.. |
| extensibility | to be stretched. |
| elasticity | recoil to their original length. |
| epimysium | connective tissue surrounding the skeletal muscle. |
| fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium. surrounds and separates muscles. |
| Perimysium | fasciculi surrounded by connective tissue |
| fibers | single muscle cells |
| endomysium | type of connective tissue surrounding fibers. |
| myofibrils | threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to another. |
| Actin myofilaments | resemble 2-minute strands of pearls twisted together. |
| myosin myofilaments | resemble bundles of minute golf clubs. |
| sarcomeres | basic structural and functional unit of the muscle. |
| z line | attachment site for actin. |
| I band | consists of actin. |
| a band | extends the length of the myosin. |
| h zone | in the center of each sarcomere. |
| m line | the anchored in the center of the sarcomere. |
| resting membrane potential | positively charged compared to the inside membrane which is negatively charged |
| action potential | reversal back of the charge |
| motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| neuromuscular junction/ synapse | connects muscle form near the center of the cell |
| motor unit | skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
| postsynaptic terminal | muscle fibers and synaptic cleft |
| synaptic cleft | space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| synaptic vesicles | each presynaptic contains |
| acetylcholine | neurotransmitter |
| acetylcholinesterase | broken down by an enzymes |
| sliding filament mechanism | during contraction |
| muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle |
| threshold | stimulus reaches a level |
| all or none response | phenomenon |
| lag phase | beginning of a contraction |
| contraction phase | time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | muscle relaxes |
| tetany | muscle remains contracted without relaxing. |
| recruitment | being activated |
| creatine phosphate | high-energy molecules |
| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed |
| muscle fatique | when ATP is used during muscle contraction |
| isometric | the length of the muscle does not change |
| isotonic | amount of tension produced by the muscle |
| muscle tone | refers to constant tension |
| fast twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| slow twitch fibers | contract slowly and more resistant to fatigue |
| synergists | specific movements |
| antagonists | opposition to on another |
| prime mover | major role on accomplishing the desired movement |
| occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrow |
| orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids |
| orbicularis Oris | puckers the lips |
| buccinator | flattens the cheeks |
| zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| levator labii superioris | sneering |
| depressor anguil Oris | frowning |
| mastication | chewing |
| stemocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover |
| thoracic muscles | muscles that move the thorax |
| external intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing |
| mastication | chewing |
| intrinsic tongue | change the shape of the tongue |
| extrinsic tongue | move the tongue |
| trapezius | rotates scapula |
| serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm |
| deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle |
| triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
| biceps brachii | flexes the forearm |
| brachialis | flexes forearm |
| brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
Created by:
El062707!
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